Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40012859›Full record

ArticleIEEE robotics and automation letters2024

Dynamic Duo: Design and Validation of an Autonomous Frontal and Sagittal Actuating Hip Exoskeleton for Balance Modulation During Perturbed Locomotion.

Jennifer K Leestma, Snehil Mathur, Maximilian D Anderton, Gregory S Sawicki, Aaron J Young

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in IEEE robotics and automation letters, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Compact and Foldable Hip Exoskeleton With High Torque Density Actuator for Walking and Stair-Climbing Assistance in Young and Older Adults.IEEE/ASME transactions on mechatronics : a joint publication of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society and the ASME Dynamic Systems and Control Division · 2025
    Article
  4. Article
  5. A Lightweight Powered Hip Exoskeleton With Parallel Actuation for Frontal and Sagittal Plane Assistance.IEEE transactions on robotics : a publication of the IEEE Robotics and Automation Society · 2025
    Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Jennifer K LeestmaInstitute for Robotics and Intelligent Machines, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA, and also with the Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.ORCID 0000-0002-4435-4121
Snehil MathurSchool of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.ORCID 0009-0004-3694-0368
Maximilian D AndertonWoodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.ORCID 0009-0001-3557-6734
Gregory S SawickiInstitute for Robotics and Intelligent Machines, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA, also with the Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA, and also with the School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.ORCID 0000-0002-5588-6297
Aaron J YoungInstitute for Robotics and Intelligent Machines, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA, and also with the Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.ORCID 0000-0002-5376-2258

Funding

A new framework for self-adaptive artificial intelligence to personalize assistance for patients using robotic exoskeletons and prosthesesDP2HD111709 · NICHD · GEORGIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY · PI YOUNG, AARON JOHN · 2022 to 2025
$2.4M
NICHD NIH HHS DP2 HD111709
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Humans are required to maintain balance during locomotion in challenging environments, which present an even bigger challenge for individuals with balance impairments. Exoskeleton-driven balance augmentation is a promising avenue to assist users in these environments, but there has been little work in developing exoskeleton devices for these applications. In this work, we present the design, realization, and validation of an autonomous robotic hip exoskeleton with frontal and sagittal actuation. This device contains four quasi-direct drive-actuated degrees of freedom, enabling both frontal and sagittal assistance at the hip joints. The device is relatively light-weight, weighing 7.76 kg, and low-profile in the frontal plane, enabling unimpeded arm swing of the user. We found that wearing the device did not change walking kinematics, validating that the design does not inhibit the user's natural motion. We validated the exoskeleton using a bilateral bang-bang controller that successfully modulated step width and length in all cardinal and ordinal directions (all p<0.001) during steady state and perturbed walking. We also found that step modulation capability is influenced by swing leg kinematics and perturbation context. Broadly, this work presents a lightweight, autonomous, powered exoskeleton that can be used to study control approaches for balance augmentation.

Indexed as

physically assistive devicesprosthetics and exoskeletonsWearable robotics

Identifiers

PMID40012859
PMCPMC11864807

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.