Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40011997›Full record

SynthesisHead & face medicine2025

Temporomandibular disorder prevalence in malocclusion patients: a meta-analysis.

Lijun Huang, Yafen Xu, Ziyi Xiao, Yunfeng Liu, Fen Luo

Abstract readMeta-AnalysisSystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Head & face medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
16citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

16 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Lijun HuangDepartment of Orthodontics, Changsha Stomatological Hospital, 168 Huangxing Middle Road, Furong District, Changsha, Hunan, 410006, China.
Yafen XuDepartment of Orthodontics, Changsha Stomatological Hospital, 168 Huangxing Middle Road, Furong District, Changsha, Hunan, 410006, China.
Ziyi XiaoDepartment of Orthodontics, Changsha Stomatological Hospital, 168 Huangxing Middle Road, Furong District, Changsha, Hunan, 410006, China.
Yunfeng LiuDepartment of Orthodontics, Changsha Stomatological Hospital, 168 Huangxing Middle Road, Furong District, Changsha, Hunan, 410006, China.
Fen LuoDepartment of Orthodontics, Changsha Stomatological Hospital, 168 Huangxing Middle Road, Furong District, Changsha, Hunan, 410006, China. 12934185@qq.com.

Funding

Collaborative Fund of Department of Science and Technology and Health Commission of Hunan Province 2024JJ9541Research Project of Health Commission of Hunan Province 202108030155
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesThis study investigated the prevalence of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) in patients with malocclusion through a systematic review and meta-analysis. MATERIALS AND

methodsA comprehensive literature search was conducted up to November 15, 2024. Cross-sectional studies providing data on TMD prevalence among malocclusion patients were included. Study quality was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) checklist. A random-effects model was used for meta-analysis, with subgroup and meta-regression analyses to explore heterogeneity. Sensitivity analyses were performed to evaluate result robustness.

resultsThirty-two studies were included, showing an overall TMD prevalence of 43% (95% CI: 35%-50%; I

conclusionsThe prevalence of TMD in malocclusion patients was 43%, with higher rates in females, adults, and specific malocclusion types such as Class II, open bite, overjet, and crossbite. Variations in diagnostic criteria and malocclusion classification contributed to heterogeneity, emphasizing the need to consider individual patient characteristics when assessing TMD risk. Standardized diagnostic criteria, representative sampling, and multilingual search strategies are essential for future research to minimize bias and improve data reliability.

Indexed as

MalocclusionTemporomandibular Joint DisordersAdultCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansMalePrevalenceMalocclusionMeta-analysisPrevalenceTemporomandibular disorder

Identifiers

PMID40011997
PMCPMC11863559

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.