ReviewCritical care (London, England)2025
A review of gut failure as a cause and consequence of critical illness.
Review in Critical care (London, England), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- The respiratory microbiome in pulmonary tuberculosis: a meta-analysis reveals niche-specific microbial and functional signatures.mSystems · 2026Pooled it
- Effects of remote ischemic preconditioning on postoperative gastrointestinal function in patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting: a randomized controlled trial.BMC anesthesiology · 2026Trial
- Mosapride versus Metoclopramide in Critically Ill Patients with Enteral Feeding Intolerance: A Randomized, Double-Blinded Comparison.Drug design, development and therapy · 2026Trial
- Integrating gut‑brain axis insights into bundled nutrition care for critically ill patients: From mechanisms to implementation (Review).Molecular medicine reports · 2026Review
- Effect of an Integrated Early Enteral Nutrition Management Protocol on Nutritional Target Attainment in Mechanically Ventilated ICU Patients: A Quasi-Experimental Study Guided by the MRC Framework.Nursing in critical care · 2026Article
- Intestinal fatty acid-binding protein (I-FABP) at ICU admission as early biomarker of intestinal injury and predictor of mortality in septic shock.Intensive care medicine experimental · 2026Article
- Clemastine ameliorates ulcerative colitis-induced cognitive impairment by restoring PI3K/Akt/GSK-3β signaling and suppressing ferroptosis.Inflammopharmacology · 2026Article
- Use of Prokinetic Agents in Adult ICU Patients: An International Inception Cohort Study (PATIENCE).Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica · 2026Article
- Use of Antihistamine Drugs in Colitis: A Review.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic strategies.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- A preliminary study of HMGB1 defense in Crohn's disease.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Gastrointestinal Dysfunction in Critically Ill Patients With Traumatic Brain Injury: Clinical Implications and Putative Mechanisms: a Narrative Review.Current neurology and neuroscience reports · 2026Review
- ARISE framework: a temporal, multi-organ view of perfusion in sepsis.Internal and emergency medicine · 2026Review
- The Microbiota-Endometriosis Axis: An Immune-Endocrine Integration Model and Emerging Therapeutic Targets.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Trefoil factor 3 as a marker of gastrointestinal cell injury during sepsis.European journal of pediatrics · 2026Article
- Acute-on-chronic liver failure: pathophysiological mechanisms and clinical management.Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2026Review
- The effects of high-protein vs conventional protein enteral nutrition on intestinal permeability, severity of disease, and mortality in critically ill intensive care unit Patients: Protocol for a randomized controlled trial.Contemporary clinical trials communications · 2026Article
- HMGB1 functions as a critical mediator of host defense at the gut mucosal barrier.Cell host & microbe · 2026Article
- A montmorillonite-based oral fermentation system enables long-lasting in-situ biosynthesis to restore intestinal homeostasis.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Targeting the Gut in Sepsis: Therapeutic Potential of Medical Gases.Biomolecules · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
In critical illness, all elements of gut function are perturbed. Dysbiosis develops as the gut microbial community loses taxonomic diversity and new virulence factors appear. Intestinal permeability increases, allowing for translocation of bacteria and/or bacterial products. Epithelial function is altered at a cellular level and homeostasis of the epithelial monolayer is compromised by increased intestinal epithelial cell death and decreased proliferation. Gut immunity is impaired with simultaneous activation of maladaptive pro- and anti-inflammatory signals leading to both tissue damage and susceptibility to infections. Additionally, splanchnic vasoconstriction leads to decreased blood flow with local ischemic changes. Together, these interrelated elements of gastrointestinal dysfunction drive and then perpetuate multi-organ dysfunction syndrome. Despite the clear importance of maintaining gut homeostasis, there are very few reliable measures of gut function in critical illness. Further, while multiple therapeutic strategies have been proposed, most have not been shown to conclusively demonstrate benefit, and care is still largely supportive. The key role of the gut in critical illness was the subject of the tenth Perioperative Quality Initiative meeting, a conference to summarize the current state of the literature and identify key knowledge gaps for future study. This review is the product of that conference.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.