ArticleParasites & vectors2025
Diversity and natural infection of phlebotomine sand flies (Diptera, Psychodidae) in an endemic area of American tegumentary leishmaniasis in southeastern Bahia, Brazil.
Article in Parasites & vectors, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Sand fly (Diptera: Psychodidae: Phlebotominae) species composition in an area with a recent American Tegumentary Leishmaniasis outbreak in Minas Gerais, Brazil.Journal of medical entomology · 2026Article
- On the integrative taxonomy of Trichophoromyia Barretto, 1962 and its relationship with Nyssomyia Barretto, 1962 (Diptera, Psychodidae, Phlebotominae): species delimitation, phylogeny, genus and subgenus description.Parasites & vectors · 2025Article
- Invertebrate-Derived DNA (iDNA) to Identify Sand Flies' Bloodmeal: A Molecular Approach to Identifying Hosts in Blood-Feeding Vectors of Leishmaniasis.Microorganisms · 2025Article
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6 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundThe Cacao Region spans several municipalities in the state of Bahia. It is one of the major foci of American tegumentary leishmaniasis (ATL) in Brazil. We report the findings of a pilot cross-sectional study describing the phlebotomine fauna found around living sites of newly diagnosed ATL cases in that area.
methodsThe sand fly fauna was studied from May 2018 to June 2019 via an entomological survey, as recommended by the Brazilian Ministry of Health.
resultsSix hundred nineteen phlebotomine sand flies of 20 species were captured: 272 males (44%) and 347 females (56%). Nyssomyia whitmani was the most prevalent (62.2%), followed by Nyssomyia intermedia (9.2%), Evandromyia bahiensis (6.3%), endemic to Bahia, and Trichophoromyia viannamartinsi (4.5%). Ninety-four percent of the female sand flies collected were screened for infection with Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Of the 97 sand fly pools analyzed, seven were positive for L. (V.) braziliensis: three of Nyssomyia whitmani, two of Th. viannamartinsi and one each of Psychodopygus hirsutus hirsutus and Trichopygomyia longispina. The overall value of minimum infection rate (MIR) was 2.2%, and its stratification rates for the above species were 1.9, 10, 33 and 50%, respectively. All positive pools consisted of phlebotomine sand flies collected from the peridomiciles and extradomiciles of homes in the municipality of Taperoá in July 2018, resulting in an adjusted MIR of 7.8%, with 50% of the pools positive for L. (V.) braziliensis during that outbreak of ATL.
conclusionsOur findings suggest that areas experiencing outbreaks of ATL in affected regions present high proportions of infected phlebotomine sand flies involving a variety of species, some not usually considered involved in the L. (V.) braziliensis transmission cycle, such as Th. viannamartinsi.
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