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ArticleNeotropical entomology2025

Larvicidal Efficacy of Chloris virgata Extracts Against Aedes aegypti, Anopheles stephensi, and Culex quinquefasciatus with Insights into Mode of Action via Molecular Docking.

Babu Muthu, Patheri Kunyil Kaleena, Abirami Thanigachalam, Velu Kuppan, Janaki Arumugam, Ashok Kamalanathan, Nael Abutaha, Fahd A Al-Mekhlafi, Mohammed S Al-Khalifa

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Neotropical entomology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Babu MuthuDept of Zoology, Presidency College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5072-1568
Patheri Kunyil KaleenaDept of Zoology, Presidency College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3915-2285
Abirami ThanigachalamDept of Zoology, Presidency College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0002-5522-4020
Velu KuppanDept of Zoology, Presidency College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0005-9414-0163
Janaki ArumugamDept of Zoology, Presidency College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0003-2782-9417
Ashok KamalanathanDept of Clinical and Translational Sciences, Marshall University Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, 1700 Byrd Biotech Science Center, Huntington, WV, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7295-3159
Nael AbutahaDept of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud Univ, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1887-7789
Fahd A Al-MekhlafiDept of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud Univ, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. falmekhlafi@ksu.edu.sa.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8190-7901
Mohammed S Al-KhalifaDept of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud Univ, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3179-9949

Funding

King Saud University 112
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The indiscriminate use of synthetic insecticides for mosquito control has resulted in significant challenges, such as environmental pollution and growing insecticide resistance. In response, there is increasing interest in eco-friendly alternatives like plant-based larvicides. This study assesses the larvicidal efficacy of Chloris virgate (Poales: Poaceae) extracts against Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae), Culex quinquefasciatus (Diptera: Culicidae), and Anopheles stephensi (Diptera: Culicidae), and investigates the bioactive chemical compounds responsible for this activity. Soxhlet individual extraction was performed using n-hexane, chloroform, and ethanol, and methanol solvents are used separately to extract bioactive compounds from C. virgata. This approach allows for the selective extraction of specific compounds based on their solubility in each solvent. The extracts were tested on fourth instar larvae, and lethal concentrations (LC

Indexed as

AedesAnophelesCulexInsecticidesPlant ExtractsAnimalsLarvaMolecular Docking SimulationInsecticidesPlant ExtractsChloris virgataGC–MSLarvicidal efficacyMidgut histologyMolecular dockingMosquito

Identifiers

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.