ArticleInjury prevention : journal of the International Society for Child and Adolescent Injury Prevention2025
Examining contextual differences in suicide by rural-urban designation and military status, 2009-2019: a cross-sectional analysis of the National Violent Death Reporting System.
Article in Injury prevention : journal of the International Society for Child and Adolescent Injury Prevention, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Examining trends in polydrug overdose deaths across rural Midwest counties in the United States, 2022 through 2024.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2025Article
- County-level vulnerability is associated with mental health and substance use treatment among rural suicide decedents: A national multi-year cross-sectional study.The Journal of rural health : official journal of the American Rural Health Association and the National Rural Health Care Association · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
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Abstract
objectiveTo evaluate differences in mental health and substance use circumstances by rurality and military affiliations among suicide decedents.
methodsMultiyear (2009-2019) cross-sectional study of adult suicide decedents reported to the National Violent Death Reporting System. We classified suicide decedents into a four-level variable by geography (urban/rural) and military status and evaluated the prevalence of current and past alcohol and substance use problems, mental health problem recognition and mental illness treatment. We estimated prevalence ratios using multiple imputation chain equations to account for missing data and log-binomial regression models and present stratified estimates by military and rural classification.
findingsThere was no significant relationship between rural-military classification and alcohol use problem. Compared with urban civilians, other groups had a lower risk identified of having a substance use problem: urban military (adjusted prevalence ratio (aPR): 0.65; 95% CI: 0.60 to 0.71), rural military (aPR: 0.57; 95% CI: 0.50 to 0.66) and rural civilians (aPR: 0.95; 95% CI: 0.90 to 1.00). Recognition of a mental health problem was lower among both rural military (aPR: 0.88; 95% CI: 0.81 to 0.96) and rural civilians (aPR: 0.89; 95% CI: 0.86 to 0.92). The likelihood of current mental treatment was lower in other groups (urban military (aPR: 0.93; 95% CI: 0.89 to 0.96); rural military (aPR: 0.87; 95% CI: 0.81 to 0.94); and rural civilian (aPR: 0.89; 95% CI: 0.85 to 0.92)). There was no evidence of effect modification by military and rural classification for any outcome.
conclusionsMental health outcomes by military affiliation and urbanicity/rurality may need to be independently assessed as social determinants of health.
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Registered trials
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