Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40010831›Full record

ArticleBMJ open2025

Barriers and enablers to pharmacist involvement in social prescribing: a protocol for a systematic review of qualitative studies.

Ravi Shankar, Anjali Bundele, Joshua Low, Amartya Mukhopadhyay

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMJ open, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Ravi ShankarMedical Affairs - Research Innovation and Enterprise, Alexandra Hospital, National University Health System, NUHS, Singapore Ravi_SHANKAR@nuhs.edu.sg.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0005-5578-3481
Anjali BundeleMedical Affairs - Research Innovation and Enterprise, Alexandra Hospital, National University Health System, NUHS, Singapore.
Joshua LowDepartment of Pharmacy, Alexandra Hospital, Singapore.
Amartya MukhopadhyayDivision of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, NUHS, Singapore.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9747-5277

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionSocial prescribing is an innovative approach to healthcare that involves referring patients to non-medical services and activities in the community to improve health and well-being. Pharmacists are well-positioned to contribute to social prescribing initiatives given their accessibility and expertise, but their involvement remains limited. Qualitative studies have explored pharmacists' perspectives and experiences regarding social prescribing, but their findings have not been systematically synthesised. This protocol outlines a systematic review of qualitative studies to identify and synthesise the barriers and enablers influencing pharmacist involvement in social prescribing. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: We will conduct a comprehensive search of electronic databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, CINAHL, MEDLINE, The Cochrane Library, PsycINFO, Scopus) and grey literature sources for qualitative studies published in English from each database inception to January 2025 that explore barriers and facilitators to pharmacist involvement in social prescribing. Two reviewers will independently screen titles, abstracts and full texts for eligibility based on predefined criteria. Eligible studies will include those that use qualitative methods (eg, interviews, focus groups, observations) to explore the perspectives of pharmacists on factors influencing their involvement in social prescribing initiatives. Data will be extracted using a standardised form and synthesised using thematic analysis. The methodological quality of included studies will be appraised using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme Qualitative Checklist. Confidence in the review findings will be assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation-Confidence in the Evidence from Reviews of Qualitative research approach. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: Ethics approval is not required as this study will merely synthesise data from published studies. The results will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications as well as conference presentations. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER: CRD42024600968.

Indexed as

PharmacistsProfessional RoleSocial PrescribingHumansQualitative ResearchResearch DesignSystematic Reviews as TopicHealth ServicesPharmacistsPrimary Health CareQUALITATIVE RESEARCHSOCIAL MEDICINE

Identifiers

PMID40010831
PMCPMC11865720

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.