ArticleJournal for immunotherapy of cancer2025
Enhanced thrombopoiesis supplies PD-L1 to circulating immune cells via the generation of PD-L1-expressing platelets in patients with lung cancer.
Article in Journal for immunotherapy of cancer, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Review
- Tumor-platelet cross talk in cancer: mechanisms, thrombotic risk, and translational opportunities.Blood advances · 2026Review
- Tumor-educated platelets in cancer diagnostics and prognostics: A critical appraisal and roadmap for clinical translation.International journal of cancer · 2026Review
- Current Knowledge of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Induced Thrombocytopenia: Epidemiology, Mechanisms, and Management.Cancer medicine · 2026Review
- Review
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15 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundThe increased expression of programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) on a subset of immune cells in the peripheral blood has been frequently observed in patients with cancer, suggesting a relationship with PD-L1 expression in tumor tissues. In this study, we investigated the mechanisms underlying PD-L1 expression on various types of immune cells in the peripheral blood of patients with cancer.
methodsPD-L1 expression on various immune cell populations was analyzed in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of 112 patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) using flow cytometry. A mouse model of X-ray-induced acute thrombocytopenia was used to investigate the relationship between thrombopoiesis and PD-L1-expressing platelet generation. The clinical significance of PD-L1-expressing platelets was analyzed in a cohort of patients with stage IV NSCLC who received a combination of anti-programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) therapy and chemotherapy.
resultsAll immune cell populations, including monocytes, T cells, B cells, and NK cells, showed higher PD-L1 expression in patients with cancer than in healthy controls. However, this increased frequency of PD-L1-expressing cells was not attributed to the expression of the cells themselves. Instead, it was entirely dependent on the direct interaction of the cells with PD-L1-expressing platelets. Notably, the platelet-dependent acquisition of PD-L1 on circulating immune cells of patients with lung cancer was observed in various other cancer types and was mechanistically associated with a surge in thrombopoiesis, resulting in the increased production of PD-L1-expressing reticulated platelets. Clinically, patients with enhanced thrombopoiesis and concurrently high PD-L1-expressing platelets exhibited a better response to anti-PD-1 therapy.
conclusionsThese findings highlight the role of tumor-associated thrombopoiesis in generating PD-L1-expressing platelets that may serve as a resource for PD-L1-positive cells in the circulation and act as a predictive biomarker for anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy.
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