SynthesisThe American journal of clinical nutrition2025
Dietary patterns and colorectal cancer risk: Global Cancer Update Programme (CUP Global) systematic literature review.
Synthesis in The American journal of clinical nutrition, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Healthful and unhealthful plant-based diets and site-specific cancer risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.European journal of nutrition · 2026Pooled it
- Ultra-processed food intake and risk of digestive system cancers: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Pooled it
- Spatiotemporal dynamics of the host-tumor metabolic interface: Implications for precision nutritional oncology.Genes & diseases · 2026Review
- The intersection of colorectal cancer and cardiovascular disease: shared mechanisms and clinical implications.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2026Review
- Fatty Acid Heterogeneity in Colorectal Cancer: From Food Matrices to Targeted Interventions.Cancers · 2026Review
- Emerging trends in the global burden of colorectal cancer.Nature reviews. Clinical oncology · 2026Review
- Lycopene, Carotenoids, and Retinoids in Cancer Chemoprevention: Molecular Mechanisms and Clinical Implications.Nutrients · 2026Review
- Article
- DASH, Mediterranean, and Plant-Based Diets and Cancer Risk in Women: A Narrative Review Based on Diet Quality Indices.Nutrients · 2026Review
- Chemobrain as a Neuroimmune Syndrome: Mechanisms, Modifiers, and Emerging Multi-Target Therapeutic Strategies.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Association between hepatitis virus infection and risk of colorectal polyps: a cross-sectional study of Taiwanese adults.BMC gastroenterology · 2026Article
- ZNF460 inhibits HMGCL and promotes PI3K pathway in colon cancer.Translational cancer research · 2026Article
- Why Is Colorectal Cancer Occurring Earlier? Metabolic Dysfunction, Underrecognized Carcinogens, and Emerging Controversies.Current obesity reports · 2026Review
- Interplay Between Gut Microbiota and Cholesterol Metabolism in Colorectal Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Article
- Article
- Changes in dietary habits following a colon cancer diagnosis: insights from the prospective ECHO (Eating habits CHanges in Oncologic patients) STUDY 2.0.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Article
- A review of dietary patterns and the colorectal polyp-to-carcinoma sequence: polyp occurrence, polyp recurrence, and colorectal cancer.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Review
- The Role of Gut Microbiota in Colorectal Cancer Pathogenesis: A Comprehensive Literature Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Combination Therapy Using Heat-KilledIranian journal of biotechnology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
20 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe 2018 World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research Third Expert Report, including studies up to 2015, determined limited-no conclusion evidence on dietary patterns and colorectal cancer (CRC) risk due to insufficient data and varying pattern definitions.
objectivesThis updated review synthesized literature on dietary patterns and CRC risk/mortality.
methodsPubMed and Embase were searched through 31 March, 2023, for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and prospective cohort studies on adulthood dietary patterns. Patterns were categorized by derivation method: a priori, a posteriori, or hybrid, and were then descriptively reviewed in relation to the primary outcomes: CRC risk or mortality. The Global Cancer Update Programme Expert Committee and Expert Panel independently graded the evidence on the likelihood of causality using predefined criteria.
resultsThirty-two dietary scores from 53 observational studies and 3 RCTs were reviewed. Limited-suggestive evidence was concluded for higher alignment with a priori-derived patterns: Mediterranean, healthful plant-based index, Healthy Eating Index (HEI)/alternate HEI, and Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH), in relation to lower CRC risk. Common features across these diets included high plant-based food intake and limited red/processed meat. Hybrid-derived patterns: the empirical dietary index for hyperinsulinemia (EDIH) and the empirical dietary inflammatory pattern (EDIP), showed strong-probable evidence for increased CRC risk. Evidence for a priori-derived low-fat dietary interventions and a posteriori-derived patterns was graded as limited-no conclusion. By cancer subsite, higher alignment with Mediterranean diet showed limited-suggestive evidence for lower rectal cancer risk, and that with HEI/alternate HEI and DASH showed limited-suggestive evidence for lower colon and rectal cancer risks. EDIH and EDIP showed strong-probable evidence for increased colon cancer risks. All exposure-mortality pairs and other pattern-outcome associations were graded as limited-no conclusion.
conclusionsThis review highlights the role of dietary patterns in CRC risk/mortality, providing insights for future research and public health strategies. This review was registered at PROSPERO as CRD42022324327 (https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42022324327).
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.