ArticleAnnals of epidemiology2025
Time-space characteristics of emergency medical service attendance and layperson naloxone administration during non-fatal opioid overdoses in Rhode Island: A retrospective, event-level analysis.
Article in Annals of epidemiology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Locations of emergency medical services attended non-fatal opioid-involved overdoses, 888 counties, USA, 2022-2024.Injury prevention : journal of the International Society for Child and Adolescent Injury Prevention · 2026Article
- Feasibility and Acceptability of Restroom Motion Sensors for Detecting Overdoses.Substance use & addiction journal · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
purposeAs the opioid overdose crisis worsens in the United States (U.S.), emerging scholarship has uncovered time-and-place variations in substance use and overdose response efforts in community settings. Building on this work, we characterized spatio-temporal attributes of naloxone administration during non-fatal opioid overdoses attended by laypersons and emergency medical services (EMS) over a three-year period.
methodsLeveraging EMS encounter data across Rhode Island between January 2020 and December 2022, we quantified hour-by-hour variations in EMS deployment locations for non-fatal opioid-involved overdoses among adults (aged 18 + years). We used multivariable Poisson regression with robust standard errors to identify spatio-temporal patterns in EMS-attended overdoses by location type and evidence of layperson naloxone administration during these events.
resultsOf the 5377 EMS non-fatal opioid overdose encounters, most occurred in residential housing (61.1 %) and outdoor public spaces (19.3 %). We identified substantial time-space variations in non-fatal overdoses, with EMS deployments to residential housing clustering in non-daylight hours (5:00PM-8:59AM) and to outdoor public spaces in daylight hours (9:00AM-8:59PM). Documented naloxone intervention by laypersons prior to EMS arrival was uncommon (10.6 %) but was most pronounced in overdoses occurring in residential housing and the early afternoon (1:00PM-4:59PM).
conclusionsDespite the clustering of non-fatal opioid overdoses in housing environments, we identified substantial within-location variations in overdose-related EMS encounters over time and place.
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