Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40006380›Full record

ArticleSensors (Basel, Switzerland)2025

Improving Performance of Bluetooth Low Energy-Based Localization System Using Proximity Sensors and Far-Infrared Thermal Sensor Arrays.

Vitomir Djaja-Josko, Marcin Kolakowski, Jacek Cichocki, Jerzy Kolakowski

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Vitomir Djaja-JoskoInstitute of Radioelectronics and Multimedia Technology, Warsaw University of Technology, 00-661 Warsaw, Poland.ORCID 0000-0002-2089-4641
Marcin KolakowskiInstitute of Radioelectronics and Multimedia Technology, Warsaw University of Technology, 00-661 Warsaw, Poland.ORCID 0000-0003-0068-8784
Jacek CichockiInstitute of Radioelectronics and Multimedia Technology, Warsaw University of Technology, 00-661 Warsaw, Poland.
Jerzy KolakowskiInstitute of Radioelectronics and Multimedia Technology, Warsaw University of Technology, 00-661 Warsaw, Poland.ORCID 0000-0002-5045-6167

Funding

National Centre for Research and Development AAL/AALCall2021/52/CAREUP/2022
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This paper presents the concept of a hybrid positioning scheme using results from a Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE)-based system and additional infrared (IR) devices: proximity sensors and far-infrared thermal sensor arrays. In the proposed solution, the IR sensors operate independently from the BLE subsystem. Their output (the distance to the localized person and the angle between the sensor axis and the person's location) is periodically used to improve the positioning accuracy. The results from both parts of the system are fused using a particle-filter-based algorithm. The proposed concept was tested experimentally. The initial tests established that both the proximity (VL53L5CX) and array (MLX90640) sensors allowed for angle estimations with a mean accuracy of about a few degrees. Using them in the proposed hybrid localization scheme resulted in a mean positioning error decrease of several centimeters.

Indexed as

angle estimationBLEdistance measurementshybrid positioning systemindoor localizationparticle filterproximity sensorthermal sensor array

Identifiers

PMID40006380
PMCPMC11860034

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.