Change in Thermodynamic Entropy and Free Volume of Epoxy Resin During Tensile Deformation.

Takuma Inoue, Yutaka Oya, Jun Koyanagi, Takenobu Sakai

Abstract read

In one paragraph

Article in Polymers, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0cells of the map it votes in

0citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Takuma InoueGraduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, Saitama 338-8570, Japan.

Yutaka OyaResearch Institute for Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo 125-8585, Japan.ORCID 0000-0003-2136-6004

Jun KoyanagiDepartment of Materials Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo 125-8585, Japan.ORCID 0000-0001-6754-2822

Takenobu SakaiGraduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, Saitama 338-8570, Japan.ORCID 0000-0002-0436-2821

Funding

Japan Science and Technology Agency 19215408KAKENHI 21KK0063KAKENHI 23H01294

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The relationship between thermodynamic entropy generation and free volume changes during the tensile deformation of epoxy resin was investigated. Thermodynamic entropy generation was evaluated using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) for samples at various strain levels, while free volume changes were measured with positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS). Volumetric strain was assessed through the digital image correlation (DIC) method. The results showed that both thermodynamic entropy and free volume increase during tensile deformation, and the average free volume radius becomes more uniform. It was observed that thermodynamic entropy generation and free volume each exhibit a linear relationship with volumetric strain. Additionally, thermodynamic entropy generation increased linearly with free volume. These findings suggest that the increase in thermodynamic entropy during tensile deformation is attributed to irreversible changes, such as the expansion of free volume within the material.

Indexed as

differential scanning calorimetryepoxy resinfree volumepositron annihilation lifetime spectroscopyspecific heat capacitythermodynamic entropy generationvolumetric strain

Identifiers

PMID40006139

DOI10.3390/polym17040477

PMCPMC11859259

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.