Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40006096›Full record

ArticlePolymers2025

Utilization of Ground Eggshell as a Biofiller of Plasticized PVC-Based Materials Fabricated Using Melt Blending.

Katarzyna Skórczewska, Krzysztof Lewandowski, Sławomir Wilczewski, Joanna Szulc, Paulina Rakowska

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Polymers, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Katarzyna SkórczewskaFaculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Bydgoszcz University of Science and Technology, Seminaryjna 3, 85-326 Bydgoszcz, Poland.ORCID 0000-0001-8219-4790
Krzysztof LewandowskiFaculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Bydgoszcz University of Science and Technology, Seminaryjna 3, 85-326 Bydgoszcz, Poland.ORCID 0000-0003-0664-9815
Sławomir WilczewskiFaculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Bydgoszcz University of Science and Technology, Seminaryjna 3, 85-326 Bydgoszcz, Poland.ORCID 0000-0002-7615-7077
Joanna SzulcFaculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Bydgoszcz University of Science and Technology, Seminaryjna 3, 85-326 Bydgoszcz, Poland.ORCID 0000-0002-5479-6820
Paulina RakowskaFaculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Bydgoszcz University of Science and Technology, Seminaryjna 3, 85-326 Bydgoszcz, Poland.

Funding

The work was financially supported by the Ministry of Education and Science in Poland BN-WTiICh-7/2022
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The paper examines the use of waste eggshells as a valuable biofiller for modifying plasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC). The raw ES was characterized using TGA, FTIR, particle size analysis, and XRD. The effects of ES on the processing, mechanical and thermal properties, density, porosity, and colour of PVC matrix composites were evaluated compared to pPVC/CC produced using the same methodology. It was found that pPVC/ES exhibits different processing properties to pPVC/CC. The mechanical properties of PVC/ES are slightly lower than those of pPVC/CC at concentrations up to 20 phr. However, at 30 phr and 40 phr, the differences in the mechanical properties of composites with both CC and ES are very similar, and the values are within the designated standard deviation of the measurement. The mechanical properties of PVC/ES do not limit their potential applications. When using eggshell (ES) as a filler, improvements in tensile strength (t

Indexed as

compositesecofriendly fillereggshellsmodificationpropertiesthermal properties

Identifiers

PMID40006096
PMCPMC11859243

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.