ReviewMolecules (Basel, Switzerland)2025
A Comprehensive Guide to Enzyme Immobilization: All You Need to Know.
Review in Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers.
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The trial behind it
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Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed.
- Activated Carbon Functionalization for Lipase Immobilization: Characterization, Hydrolytic Activity, and Ethyl Lactate Synthesis.Applied biochemistry and biotechnology · 2026Article
- Zeolites and Zeolite-Based Materials at the Biointerface: From Haemostasis and Biomolecule Separation to Theranostic Applications.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Enhancing Enzymatic Activity and Stability of Crude Laccase Through Encapsulation in Gelatin/Chitosan Hydrogel.Applied biochemistry and biotechnology · 2026Article
- Directed Immobilization of Horseradish Peroxidase Using a Covalently Attached Competitive Inhibitor.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Split intron-exon system for circular RNA synthesis.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Enzyme Co-Immobilization on Precipitated Silica for Sustainable Lactobionic Acid Production.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Substrate Versatility of a Recombinant Bifidobacterial Endoglycosidase:International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Green synthesis of rosehip-derived carbon quantum dots for reusable biocatalysts in sustainable fruit juice clarification.RSC advances · 2026Article
- Covalent Immobilization of Pectinase on Functionalized Magnetic Nanoparticles for Improved Catalytic Stability and Its Application in Grape Juice Clarification.Food science & nutrition · 2026Article
- Laccase immobilization on a natural lignocellulosic biomass support: optimization, characterization, and bisphenol A degradation.3 Biotech · 2026Article
- Spontaneous Non-Catalyzed Molecular Reactions and Interactions in the Human Body: Biomedical Implications.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- Efficient clarification of apple juice using immobilized pectinase on glass surface in a novel support-free plate bioreactor.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- One-Pot Enzymatic ADDing of Click Chemistry Handles for Protein Immobilization and Bioconjugation of Small and Biomolecules.Bioconjugate chemistry · 2026Article
- Design of Functionalized Silica Immobilization of PETase fromACS omega · 2026Article
- Immobilized Hydroxymethylfurfural Oxidase Enables Robust Biocatalytic Production of 2,5-Furandicarboxylic Acid from Crude 5‑Hydroxymethylfurfural.ACS sustainable chemistry & engineering · 2026Article
- Membrane Biofouling: Current Understanding and Future Perspectives- An Overview.Current microbiology · 2026Review
- Investigation of regioselectivity and thermostability of free and immobilized Pleurotus citrinopileatus lipase.Applied microbiology and biotechnology · 2026Article
- Fungal cellulases: a comprehensive review on production, innovations, and applications.Archives of microbiology · 2026Review
- Carrier-Free Enzyme Immobilization for High-Density Catalytic Architectures in Flow Biocatalysis.JACS Au · 2026Review
- Genetically engineered lipases: advances in expression and upscaling for industrial applications.Archives of microbiology · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Enzyme immobilization plays a critical role in enhancing the efficiency and sustainability of biocatalysis, addressing key challenges such as limited enzyme stability, short shelf life, and difficulties in recovery and recycling, which are pivotal for green chemistry and industrial applications. Classical approaches, including adsorption, entrapment, encapsulation, and covalent bonding, as well as advanced site-specific methods that integrate enzyme engineering and bio-orthogonal chemistry, were discussed. These techniques enable precise control over enzyme orientation and interaction with carriers, optimizing catalytic activity and reusability. Key findings highlight the impact of immobilization on improving enzyme performance under various operational conditions and its role in reducing process costs through enhanced stability and recyclability. The review presents numerous practical applications of immobilized enzymes, including their use in the pharmaceutical industry for drug synthesis, in the food sector for dairy processing, and in environmental biotechnology for wastewater treatment and dye degradation. Despite the significant advantages, challenges such as activity loss due to conformational changes and mass transfer limitations remain, necessitating tailored immobilization protocols for specific applications. The integration of immobilization with modern biotechnological advancements, such as site-directed mutagenesis and recombinant DNA technology, offers a promising pathway for developing robust, efficient, and sustainable biocatalytic systems. This comprehensive guide aims to support researchers and industries in selecting and optimizing immobilization techniques for diverse applications in pharmaceuticals, food processing, and fine chemicals.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.