ArticleMolecules (Basel, Switzerland)2025
Validation of an LC-HRMS Method for Quantifying Indoxyl Sulfate and
Article in Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Comparing Ibuprofen and Loop Diuretics for Protein-Bound Uremic Toxins Clearance During Hemodialysis.Kidney international reports · 2026Article
- The Kidney-Brain Axis in Chronic Kidney Disease: Uremic Toxins, Cognitive Decline, Mechanistic Pathways, Biomarkers and Therapeutic Perspectives.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Optimization of Ibuprofen Route and Dosage to Enhance Protein-Bound Uremic Toxin Clearance During Hemodialysis.Toxins · 2026Article
- The role of gut microbiome disruption in the development of metabolic dysfunction-associated kidney disease.Acta biochimica Polonica · 2026Review
- Tubular secretion in chronic kidney disease: from established physiology to clinical utility.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Accurate quantification of indoxyl sulfate (IndS) and
methodsAn LC-HRMS was validated for quantifying IndS and pCS in human serum, following EMA guidelines. The method involved protein precipitation with methanol, micro-LC for chromatographic separation, and detection based on accurate mass, with simultaneous high-resolution full-scan acquisition. Clinical samples from patients with varying degrees of renal insufficiency and samples obtained before and after hemodiafiltration were analyzed.
resultsThe method demonstrated acceptable linearity, precision, and accuracy. The measurement range for both analytes was from 100 to 40,000 ng/mL. Serum levels of IndS and pCS correlated with decreased renal function. After hemodiafiltration, there was a significant reduction of IndS (50%) and pCS (43%). Simultaneous untargeted analysis allowed to identify metabolites significantly underexpressed after hemodiafiltration.
conclusionsAn accurate LC-HRMS method was validated for the quantification of IndS and pCS serum levels in patients with CKD, providing insights into toxin dynamics and enabling untargeted metabolic evaluation.
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