ArticleAntioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)2025
Fetal Growth Is Associated with Amniotic Fluid Antioxidant Capacity, Oxidative Stress, Minerals and Prenatal Supplementation: A Retrospective Study.
Article in Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Longitudinal Assessment of Oxidative Stress Biomarkers During Physiological Pregnancy and Their Relevance for Maternal Healthcare.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Elevated Amniotic Fluid 8-Iso-Prostaglandin FAntioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Dietary Supplements in Pregnancy and Postpartum: Evidence, Safety Challenges and a Precision Nutrition Framework (GAPSS).Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAssociations of antioxidants in prenatal over-the-counter multivitamin-mineral (OTC MVM) supplements with in-utero oxidative stress (OS), antioxidant capacity, and fetal growth are limited. Our objectives were to determine if five fetal ultrasound measurements [biparietal diameter (BPD), head circumference (HC), abdominal circumference (AC), femur length (FL), and estimated fetal weight] were associated with OTC MVM supplements and with minerals, biomarkers of OS, and total antioxidant capacity in amniotic fluid (AF).
methodsFor this retrospective study, 176 pregnant women who had undergone age-related amniocentesis for genetic testing were included. Questionnaires recorded prenatal OTC MVM supplementation (yes, no). Ultrasound measurements for early (16-20 weeks) and late (32-36 weeks) gestation were extracted from medical charts. AF concentrations for 15 minerals and trace elements and OS biomarkers in AF [nitric oxide (NO), thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS), and ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP)] were measured at 12-20 weeks of gestation. Associations of AF minerals, OS biomarkers, and ultrasound measures were analyzed using multiple linear regressions.
resultsPositive associations were observed between AF TBARS and seven AF minerals/elements (calcium, copper, magnesium, nickel, strontium, zinc and iron). At 16-20 weeks, AF copper, nickel, strontium, and selenium were positively associated with BPD, HC, AC, and FL, respectively, NO was positively associated with FL, and FRAP was inversely associated with estimated weight. At 32-36 weeks, calcium was positively associated with BPD and chromium and arsenic were negatively with HC. At 16-20 weeks, higher AF FRAP was inversely associated with FL and this exposure continued to be inversely associated with estimated weight at 32-36 weeks.
conclusionsConcentrations of AF minerals, trace elements and biomarkers of OS and in-utero antioxidant capacity were linked to specific ultrasound measurements at different stages of gestation, suggesting a complex interplay among in utero OS, antioxidant capacity, OTC MVM supplements, and fetal growth.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.