ReviewAntioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)2025
Association Between Zinc Levels and the Impact of Its Deficiency on Idiopathic Male Infertility: An Up-to-Date Review.
Review in Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed.
- Trial
- Article
- Trichomonas vaginalis cathepsin D-like aspartic proteinase (Tv-CatD) is regulated by iron at different levels.Biometals : an international journal on the role of metal ions in biology, biochemistry, and medicine · 2026Article
- Seminal Zinc Levels and Their Nonlinear Relationship with Sperm Concentration: A Chinese Population-Based Study.Biological trace element research · 2026Article
- Article
- Sickle Cell Disease and Male Infertility: Pathophysiological Mechanisms, Clinical Manifestations, and Fertility Preservation Strategies-A Narrative Review.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Metabolic pathways fueling human spermatozoa capacitation and hyperactivation: a roadmap for spermatozoa bioenergetics.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Review
- Zinc as a Modulator of Male Fertility: Interplay Between Lipid Metabolism, Oxidative Stress, and Sperm Function.Biological trace element research · 2025Review
- Antidiabetic agents and male fertility: unraveling the impact of glucose-lowering therapies on sperm quality in diabetic males-a narrative review.Translational andrology and urology · 2025Review
- Nor1 and Mitophagy: An Insight into Sertoli Cell Function Regulating Spermatogenesis Using a Transgenic Rat Model.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundZinc (Zn) is an essential metal that plays a critical role in normal testicular development, spermatogenesis, prevention of sperm degradation, and overall male fertility. This review aims to offer a comprehensive and current overview of seminal plasma Zn levels in fertile men worldwide. It also aims to compare Zn levels in seminal plasma and blood (serum/plasma) between infertile men (cases) and fertile men (controls), examine the impact of Zn on sperm quality and the reproductive hormone, and highlight the effects of Zn supplementation therapy in male infertility.
methodsTo achieve these goals, peer-reviewed studies from 2000 to 2024 were interrogated with regard to strict inclusion/exclusion criteria and were then thoroughly reviewed and analyzed.
resultsOur findings indicate that maintaining optimal seminal plasma Zn levels is crucial, as low Zn levels are linked to impaired spermatogenesis and male infertility, while high Zn levels can cause oxidative stress and other changes that contribute to infertility. Seminal plasma Zn levels from 100 to 200 mg/L among fertile men worldwide can be roughly considered safe. Comparative analysis showed that a greater number of studies reported lower levels of seminal Zn in cases than in controls. Research into the impact of Zn levels in seminal plasma has shown that, although the results are not yet conclusive, altered (non-normal) Zn levels could influence semen parameters-particularly motility, morphology, and sperm count-and the level of the reproductive hormone, testosterone. Zinc-deficient infertile men could benefit from supplement therapy.
conclusionsAssessment of seminal plasma Zn levels in infertile men could provide valuable information and aid in diagnosis and treatment planning.
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