Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40002188›Full record

ArticleCancers2025

Cell Models of Castration Resistant and High Dose Testosterone-Resistant Prostate Cancer Recapitulate the Heterogeneity of Response Observed in Clinical Practice.

Laura S Graham, Lih-Jen Su, Andrew Nicklawsky, Frances Xiuyan Feng, David Orlicky, Joseph Petraccione, Maren Salzmann-Sullivan, Steven K Nordeen, Thomas W Flaig

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cancers, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Laura S GrahamDivision of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-4371-572X
Lih-Jen SuDivision of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
Andrew NicklawskyBiostatistics and Bioinformatics, University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-7769-1175
Frances Xiuyan FengDepartment of Pathology, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
David OrlickyDepartment of Pathology, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-0417-1400
Joseph PetraccioneDivision of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
Maren Salzmann-SullivanDivision of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
Steven K NordeenDepartment of Pathology, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
Thomas W FlaigDivision of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.

Funding

University of Colorado Cancer Center Support Grant - Lung Cancer Patient-Derived Xenografts with Autologous Human Immune SystemsP30CA046934 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO DENVER · PI James V Degregori · 1988 to 2026
$117.0M
Paul Calabresis Award in Clinical Oncology ResearchK12CA086913 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO DENVER · PI VIRGINIA F. BORGES, Jill E Slansky · 2000 to 2026
$17.8M
TRAINING IN CANCER BIOLOGY &TRANSPLANTATIONT32CA009515 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI NANCY ELLEN DAVIDSON, Effie W Petersdorf · 1985 to 2026
$16.2M
NCI NIH HHS K12 CA086913NCI NIH HHS P30 CA046934NCI NIH HHS T32 CA009515NIH HHS 1K12CA086913-24A1NIH HHS 1P30CA046934-24A1United States Department of Defense W81XWH-20-1-0853
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The use of supraphysiologic testosterone, particularly when alternated with an anti-androgen agent in men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), has demonstrated promising results in clinical trials. As the use of this therapy in clinical practice is more widely adopted, there will be a growing need to understand the mechanisms of resistance. To that end, we independently derived three separate cell models of testosterone-sensitive CRPC. From each CRPC line, high dose testosterone-resistance (HTR) lines were selected. We demonstrated the differential response of the three CRPC lines to a high dose of testosterone in vitro and in vivo. We subsequently demonstrated the resistance of the HTR lines to testosterone and varying responses to testosterone withdrawal in vivo. The heterogeneity in responses to hormonal manipulation is correlated with varying levels of androgen receptor expression within the population. Overall, we show that we have developed three models of HTR that can be used to study the mechanisms of high dose testosterone resistance and identify potential therapeutic targets.

Indexed as

androgen deprivation therapycell modelsprostate cancersupraphysiologic testosteronetestosterone resistance

Identifiers

PMID40002188
PMCPMC11852443

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.