Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40001690›Full record

ArticleBioengineering (Basel, Switzerland)2025

Microwave-Assisted Optimization of Polyvinyl Alcohol Cryogel (PVA-C) Manufacturing for MRI Phantom Production.

Ivan Vogt, Martin Volk, Emma-Luise Kulzer, Janis Seibt, Maciej Pech, Georg Rose, Oliver S Grosser

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Ivan VogtResearch Campus STIMULATE, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany.ORCID 0000-0001-6089-7655
Martin VolkDepartment of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany.ORCID 0000-0003-0367-4628
Emma-Luise KulzerResearch Campus STIMULATE, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany.
Janis SeibtResearch Campus STIMULATE, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany.ORCID 0009-0002-1890-2283
Maciej PechResearch Campus STIMULATE, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-7140-6775
Georg RoseResearch Campus STIMULATE, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-2215-150X
Oliver S GrosserResearch Campus STIMULATE, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-0826-0734

Funding

Federal Ministry of Education and Research 13GW0473A
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesAnthropomorphic phantoms offer a promising solution to minimize animal testing, enable medical training, and support the efficient development of medical devices. The adjustable mechanical, biochemical, and imaging properties of the polyvinyl alcohol cryogel (PVA-C) make it an appropriate phantom material for mimicking soft tissues. Conventional manufacturing (CM) of aqueous solutions requires constant stirring, using a heated water bath, and monitoring.

methodsTo explore potential improvements in the dissolution of PVA crystals in water, a microwave-based manufacturing method (MWM) was employed. Samples created using CM and MWM (

resultsT1 relaxation times did not significantly differ between the two methods (

conclusionsThe MWM offers a promising, easily implementable, and time-efficient method for manufacturing PVA-C-based phantoms. Nevertheless, manufacturing-related microstructural properties and sample molding require further study.

Indexed as

microwave-based manufacturingMRIphantom materialpolyvinyl alcohol cryogel

Identifiers

PMID40001690
PMCPMC11851462

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.