ReviewBioengineering (Basel, Switzerland)2025
23Na-MRI for Breast Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment Monitoring: A Scoping Review.
Review in Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- MR-based techniques for imaging prostate cancer metabolism: current status and future perspectives.Abdominal radiology (New York) · 2026Review
- Review
- Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
(1) Background: Variations in intracellular and extracellular sodium levels have been hypothesized to serve as biomarkers for tumour characterization and therapeutic response. While previous research has explored the feasibility of 23Na-MRI, a comprehensive review of its clinical utility in breast cancer is lacking. This scoping review aims to synthesize existing literature on the potential role of 23Na-MRI in breast cancer diagnosis and treatment monitoring. (2) Methods: This review included English-language studies reporting on quantitative applications of 23Na-MRI in breast cancer. Systematic searches were conducted across PubMed, Emcare, Embase, Scopus, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library, and Medline. (3) Results: Seven primary studies met the inclusion criteria, highlighting the ability of 23Na-MRI to differentiate between malignant and benign breast lesions based on elevated total sodium concentration (TSC) in tumour tissues. 23Na-MRI also showed potential in early prediction of treatment response, with significant reductions in TSC observed in responders. However, the studies varied widely in their protocols, use of phantoms, field strengths, and contrast agent application, limiting inter-study comparability. (4) Conclusion: 23Na-MRI holds promise as a complementary imaging modality for breast cancer diagnosis and treatment monitoring. However, standardization of imaging protocols and technical optimization are essential before it can be translated into clinical practice.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.