Muscle-Driven Total Knee Replacement Stability with Virtual Ligaments.

Alexandre Galley, Emma Donnelly, Ilya Borukhov, Brent Lanting, Ryan Willing

Abstract read

In one paragraph

Article in Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

0citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

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3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Alexandre GalleyBiomechanical Engineering Research Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Western University, 1151 Richmond St., London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada.

Emma DonnellyBiomechanical Engineering Research Laboratory, School of Biomedical Engineering, Western University, 1151 Richmond St., London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada.

Ilya BorukhovJoint Replacement, Department of Advanced Technology, Stryker Corp., 325 Corporate Dr, Mahwah, NJ 07430, USA.

Brent LantingDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, University Hospital, Western University, 1151 Richmond St., London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada.

Ryan WillingBiomechanical Engineering Research Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Western University, 1151 Richmond St., London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada.

Funding

Canadian Foundation for Innovation (CFI) John R. Evans leaders Fund (JELF) and Ontario Research Fund 38141Mitacs IT17266Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council RGPIN-05693-2018Ontario Early Research Award ER18-14-197

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Knee joint stability comprises passive (ligaments), active (muscles), and static (articular congruency) contributors. The stability of total knee replacement (TKR) implants can be assessed pre-clinically using joint motion simulators. However, contemporary testing methods with these platforms do not accurately reproduce the biomechanical contributions of passive stabilizers, active stabilizers, or both. A key component of joint stability is therefore missing from laxity tests. A recently developed muscle actuator system (MAS) pairs the quadriceps-driven motion capabilities of an Oxford knee simulator with the prescribed displacements and laxity testing methods of a VIVO robotic knee testing system, which also includes virtual ligament capabilities. Using a TKR-embedded non-cadaveric joint analogue, TKR with two different virtual ligament models were compared to TKR with no active ligaments. Laxity limits were then obtained for both developed models using the conventional style of laxity testing (the VIVO's force/displacement control) and compared with results obtained under similar conditions with the MAS (gravity-dependent muscle control). Differences in joint control methods identified the need for muscle forces providing active joint stability, while differences in the effects of the virtual ligament models identified the importance of physiological representations of collateral ligaments during testing.

Indexed as

joint kinematicsjoint laxityjoint motion simulatortotal knee replacement

Identifiers

PMID40001632

DOI10.3390/bioengineering12020112

PMCPMC11851665

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.