ReviewBiomolecules2025
Mechanisms of Resistance to Anti-PD-1 Immunotherapy in Melanoma and Strategies to Overcome It.
Review in Biomolecules, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed.
- Molecular interplay of insulin resistance and cancer: advances in monoclonal antibody therapeutics.Cancer biology & therapy · 2026Review
- Cellular immunotherapy in melanoma: the next frontier in cancer treatment.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2026Review
- Immunosuppressive Pathways in Cutaneous Melanoma: Functional Integration Between PD-1 and CD73 and Therapeutic Implications.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Plant-Derived Compounds as Potential Sensitizers to Immunotherapy in Melanoma.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Prediction of Patients' Response to Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors Using Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging of Lymphocytes.Biomedicines · 2026Article
- Uncovering the Intricate and Heterogeneous Cellular Microenvironment of Cutaneous Melanoma.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Review
- Biopsy RNA-seq captures TROP-2-linked migration and clonal resistance to forecast aggressiveness in metastatic melanoma.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2026Article
- scCT-DB, an omnibus for cancer patient-derived paired pre- and post-treatment single-cell transcriptomes to reveal drug perturbation and drug resistance mechanisms.Nucleic acids research · 2026Article
- Ferroptosis, pyroptosis, and necroptosis in melanoma: regulatory cell death pathways and their implications for immunotherapy.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Review
- A Holistic Review of Oncological Drug Targets and Trajectories of Resistance in Cancer Therapy.Oncology research · 2026Review
- MicroRNAs and immunotherapy in testicular germ cell tumors: opportunities and challenges for modulation of the immune microenvironment.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- High-Throughput 3D Bioprinted Organoids of Skin Cancer Utilized for Diagnosis and Personalized Therapy.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2025Review
- Microsatellite instability and PD-L1 expression in sarcomas: current evidence and clinical perspectives.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2025Review
- Adjuvant Immunotherapy in Stage IIB/IIC Melanoma: Current Evidence and Future Directions.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- Association Study ofGenes · 2025Article
- The Impact of the Microbiota on the Immune Response Modulation in Colorectal Cancer.Biomolecules · 2025Review
- Review
- The role of pioneering transcription factors, chromatin accessibility and epigenetic reprogramming in oncogenic viruses.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Review
- Pharmacological strategies to overcome immune checkpoint inhibitor resistance in non-small cell lung cancer.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Resistance to anti-PD-1 therapy in melanoma remains a major obstacle in achieving effective and durable treatment outcomes, highlighting the need to understand and address the underlying mechanisms. The first key factor is innate anti-PD-1 resistance signature (IPRES), an expression of a group of genes associated with tumor plasticity and immune evasion. IPRES promotes epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), increasing melanoma cells' invasiveness and survival. Overexpressed AXL, TWIST2, and WNT5a induce phenotypic changes. The upregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines frequently coincides with EMT-related changes, further promoting a resistant and aggressive tumor phenotype. Inflamed tumor microenvironment may also drive the expression of resistance. The complexity of immune resistance development suggests that combination therapies are necessary to overcome it. Furthermore, targeting epigenetic regulation and exploring novel approaches such as miR-146a modulation may provide new strategies to counter resistance in melanoma.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.