Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40001081›Full record

ArticleBMC public health2025

Balancing maternal employment and child nutrition and health: a grounded theory study of rural communities in Northeastern Uganda.

Joseph Lule Kyanjo, Alice Turinawe, Agneta Hörnell, Kristina Lindvall

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC public health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Joseph Lule KyanjoDepartment of Epidemiology and Global Health, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden. jlule04@gmail.com.
Alice TurinaweDepartment of Agribusiness and Natural Resource Economics, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda.
Agneta HörnellDepartment of Food, Nutrition and Culinary Science, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
Kristina LindvallDepartment of Epidemiology and Global Health, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.

Funding

Formas- the Swedish Research Council for Sustainable Development 2020-00478
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundChild undernutrition remains a serious public health concern particularly in poor households where limited financial resources hinder proper child nutrition. Improving women's access to productive resources and employment is crucial for addressing undernutrition. However, maternal employment may reduce the amount of time available for childcare, leading to poor child nutrition and health. This study explored rural community perceptions and experiences regarding maternal employment in relation to aspects of child nutrition and health in northeastern Uganda to inform the design of interventions that can effectively support maternal employment without compromising child nutrition and health.

methodsTwelve gender-separated focus group discussions (FGDs) were conducted with pastoral and agro-pastoral communities in northeastern Uganda. Data from the FGDs were analysed using a constructivist grounded theory approach.

resultsAnalysis of the FGD data revealed that cultural norms and economic pressure were crucial factors in maternal employment decisions. We constructed a model that represents maternal employment as a delicate balance to maximize the benefits for child nutrition and health while minimizing the negative consequences. The model comprises the core category, mothers' solitary struggle for better child nutrition and health, and four interrelated categories: (1) mothers conforming to societal expectations, (2) mediating the effect of maternal employment on child nutrition and health, (3) suffering consequences of maternal employment, and (4) mothers striving for better child nutrition and health.

conclusionAccess to income emerged as the main pathway through which maternal employment leads to better child nutrition and health. However, this benefit often comes at the cost of reduced time for childcare, which is perceived to be detrimental to child nutrition and health. Based on these results, enhancing access to productive resources and employment, particularly for women is crucial for addressing undernutrition. To ensure that maternal employment does not compromise childcare, policies must support the development and access to childcare options that are affordable and appropriate for women in rural areas and in informal employment to effectively balance employment and childcare.

Indexed as

Child HealthEmploymentMothersRural PopulationWomen, WorkingAdultChildChild, PreschoolFemaleFocus GroupsGrounded TheoryHumansInfantMaleMiddle AgedNutritional StatusChild nutrition and healthFocus group discussionGrounded theoryMaternal employmentSociocultural norms

Identifiers

PMID40001081
PMCPMC11853224

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.