Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40000073›Full record

ArticleBMJ open2025

Motivational interviewing training for caregiver counsellors: study protocol of a mixed-methods evaluation using the Kirkpatrick model.

Johanna Schmidt, Sophia Bösl, Natascha Lauer, Elmar Graessel, Oliver-Timo Henßler, Anna Pendergrass

Abstract readClinical Trial Protocol
In one paragraph

Article in BMJ open, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Johanna SchmidtCenter for Health Services Research in Medicine, Department for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Erlangen University Hospital, Erlangen, Germany schmidt.johanna@uk-erlangen.de.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0005-4099-4235
Sophia BöslCenter for Health Services Research in Medicine, Department for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Erlangen University Hospital, Erlangen, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0008-6268-2568
Natascha LauerCenter for Health Services Research in Medicine, Department for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Erlangen University Hospital, Erlangen, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0001-7497-6431
Elmar GraesselCenter for Health Services Research in Medicine, Department for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Erlangen University Hospital, Erlangen, Germany.
Oliver-Timo HenßlerMedical Advisory Service of the Bavarian Health Insurance, Munich, Germany.
Anna PendergrassCenter for Health Services Research in Medicine, Department for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Erlangen University Hospital, Erlangen, Germany.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionCaring for a relative in the home environment is a great challenge for many informal caregivers (CGs). Caregiver counselling offers support to the CGs and can, thus, help them improve CGs' burdensome home care situations, especially if the caregiver counsellors (CCs) have good communication skills. Motivational interviewing (MI) has the potential to further enhance the communication skills of CCs and the effectiveness of MI has been demonstrated internationally in a wide variety of contexts. However, MI has not been implemented and evaluated in the caregiver counselling context yet. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: The goals of our prospective, interventional, mixed-methods study are the development, implementation and evaluation of a training course for CCs on the topic of 'Motivational Interviewing for caregiver counselling' in Germany. The training is specifically adapted to the caregiver counselling context and consists of an e-Learning, an on-site workshop and a voluntary follow-up support phase. Its quality and benefits will be evaluated according to Kirkpatrick's four-level evaluation model. Measured outcomes will be participants' satisfaction with the training (level I: reaction), MI knowledge (level II: learning), perceived use (level III: behaviour) and counselling competence, self-efficacy, social cognitions about the use of MI and perceived impact of MI (level IV: results). Primary outcome is counselling competence measured by Counsellor Activity Self-Efficacy Scale. The data will be collected at baseline (t ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: All procedures were approved by the Ethics Committee of the Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (project number 24-108-B). Informed consent will be obtained before participants are enrolled. Serious adverse events are not expected. Results will be published in peer-reviewed journals and presented at conferences. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: ISRCTN14218056.

Indexed as

CaregiversCounselingCounselorsMotivational InterviewingGermanyHumansProspective StudiesResearch DesignCaregiver BurdenCaregiversPsychosocial InterventionQuality in healthcare

Identifiers

PMID40000073
PMCPMC12083383

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.