ArticleToxins2025
Identifying Causative Agents of a Paretic Syndrome in Waterbirds in Southern Portugal.
Article in Toxins, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Probable Microcystin Toxicosis in a Red-Gartered Coot (Veterinary sciences · 2026Article
- The perfect storm in a coastal pond: duckweed, botulism, bird mortalities, and recurrent blooms of Euglena sanguinea.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2026Article
- Investigation into Paralytic Shellfish Toxins and Microcystins in Seabirds from Portugal.Toxins · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Paretic and paralyzing syndromes affecting wild birds are widely described in the literature, with outbreaks showing an increase in frequency and intensity worldwide during recent years. In the Iberian Peninsula, a paretic clinical picture without known etiology affecting mostly gulls has been reported during the last few decades. This paretic syndrome (PS) affects waterbirds and is characterized by a set of signs of ascendent flaccid paralysis, dyspnea, and diarrhea at different levels of severity. This study presents the first macro-analysis of some potential etiological PS agents in wild birds in southern Portugal. Other possible etiologies of PS related to nutritional deficiencies and environmental pollutants were not studied but are also discussed here. A total of 571 samples, belonging to 377 individuals with (
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