Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39998077›Full record

ArticleToxins2025

Paralytic Shellfish Toxin Concentrations Measured in Alaskan Arctic Clams Using ELISA and HPLC Methods.

Patrick Charapata, Emily K Bowers, Donnie Ransom Hardison, Steve Kibler, Donald M Anderson, Evangeline Fachon, Kathi A Lefebvre

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Toxins, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Patrick CharapataEnvironmental and Fisheries Science Division, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Seattle, WA 98112, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-2847-1632
Emily K BowersEnvironmental and Fisheries Science Division, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Seattle, WA 98112, USA.
Donnie Ransom HardisonBeaufort Laboratory, National Ocean Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 101 Pivers Island Road, Beaufort, NC 28516, USA.
Steve KiblerBeaufort Laboratory, National Ocean Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 101 Pivers Island Road, Beaufort, NC 28516, USA.
Donald M AndersonBiology Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-3983-6388
Evangeline FachonBiology Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA.
Kathi A LefebvreEnvironmental and Fisheries Science Division, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Seattle, WA 98112, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-1036-3740

Funding

Woods Hole Center for Oceans and Human HealthP01ES028938 · NIEHS · WOODS HOLE OCEANOGRAPHIC INSTITUTION · PI DENNIS J MCGILLICUDDY · 2018 to 2026
$5.7M
National Institutes of Health grant NIEHS-1P01-ES028938-01National Science Foundation OCE-1840381National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship Grant 2141064NIEHS NIH HHS P01 ES028938NOAA Center for Coastal and Ocean Studies ECOHAB Program NA20NOS4780195NOAA's Arctic Research program NA14OAR4320158NOAA's Arctic Research program NA19OAR4320074North Pacific Research Board Graduate Student Research Award NANSF Office of Polar Programs OPP-1823002
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Clams are efficient vectors of potent algal neurotoxins, a suite of saxitoxin (STX) congeners collectively called paralytic shellfish toxins (PSTs), to higher trophic levels. The Alaskan Arctic is a region facing an expanding threat from PSTs due to ocean warming, yet little is known about PSTs in clams from this region. Quantifying total toxicity in bivalves requires analytical techniques, such as high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) are an efficient but only semi-quantitative method for measuring clam toxicity. PSTs (STX eq.) were measured in split clam samples (

Indexed as

BivalviaSaxitoxinAlaskaAnimalsArctic RegionsChromatography, High Pressure LiquidEnvironmental MonitoringEnzyme-Linked Immunosorbent AssaySaxitoxinAlaskaArcticclamscorrection factorsELISAHABHPLCparalytic shellfish toxinssaxitoxin

Identifiers

PMID39998077
PMCPMC11860261

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.