ArticleToxins2025
Contamination Status and Health Risk Assessment of 73 Mycotoxins in Four Edible and Medicinal Plants Using an Optimized QuEChERS Pretreatment Coupled with LC-MS/MS.
Article in Toxins, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Application of Metal-Organic Framework-Based Electrochemiluminescence Sensors for Mycotoxin Detection in Food.Biosensors · 2026Review
- Mycotoxins Co-Exposure Risk Assessment in Coix Seed: Contamination Levels and Safety for Dietary Consumption and Medicinal Intake.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- High-Throughput Determination of Multiclass Chemical Hazards in Poultry Muscles and Eggs Using UPLC-MS/MS.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Occurrence and Diversity of Fungi and Their Mycotoxin Production in Common Edible and Medicinal Substances from China.Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Reliable and Cost-Effective QuEChERS-UHPLC-MS/MS Method for the Simultaneous Analysis of Ten Mycotoxins in Dendrobium Officinale: A Study on Food-Medicine Homology Quality Control.Journal of analytical methods in chemistry · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The current status of multi-mycotoxin contamination in edible and medicinal plants demands urgent development of high-throughput analytical methods for mycotoxin detection. In this study, a reliable and sensitive method for the simultaneous analysis of 73 mycotoxins was established and successfully applied to detect mycotoxins in 260 samples of four dual-purpose plants (lotus seed, coix seed, licorice root, and dried tangerine peel). Sample preparation involved optimized QuEChERS (Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged, and Safe) extraction combined with liquid-liquid extraction purification, and an enhanced ion pair library was established to reduce matrix interference and improve the method's universality. Method validation demonstrated recovery rates ranging from 61.6% to 118.6% for all compounds, with relative standard deviations (RSDs) below 15%. The limits of detection (LODs) and quantification (LOQs) ranged from 0.25-12.25 μg/kg and 0.5-25 μg/kg, respectively. Based on the contamination analysis and health risk assessment using Margin of Exposure (MOE) and Hazard Index (HI) methods, we found that multi-mycotoxin contamination is highly prevalent in edible and medicinal plants, with different components being susceptible to invasion by distinct fungal genera. Seed-type plants showed high susceptibility to Aspergillus (53.3%) and Fusarium (22.2%) contamination, with MOE values below 10,000 for aflatoxins indicating potential health risks. Physical state and good storage conditions significantly influenced contamination levels, with fragmented samples showing substantially higher mycotoxin levels. Additionally, mycotoxins with associated biosynthetic metabolic pathways were frequently detected simultaneously in highly contaminated samples. Based on these findings, we recommend implementing strict moisture control during storage, maintaining intact product form where possible, and establishing comprehensive supplier qualification systems. This study provides valuable reference for monitoring mycotoxin contamination in similar plants.
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