ArticleMembranes2025
Removal of Microplastics from Laundry Wastewater Using Coagulation and Membrane Combination: A Laboratory-Scale Study.
Article in Membranes, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- External Microplastic Filters for Washing Machines: Advances, Technical Challenges, and Biofouling Mitigation.Membranes · 2026Review
- Synthesis of metal organic framework-based hydrogel for microplastics removal from aquatic environments.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2026Article
- Efficiency of a microplastic removal system from synthetic wastewater using a chemical process combined with simple filtration.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Microplastic pollution in marine ecosystems: sources, impacts, and stakeholder-based solutions.Turkish journal of biology = Turk biyoloji dergisi · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Microplastic (MP) pollution has recently emerged as a critical global environmental issue. Laundry wastewater is a significant contributor to MP pollution, containing high concentrations of MPs. Although coagulation has recently been widely applied to remove MPs from such wastewater, its efficiency remains poor, and the removal mechanisms are not yet fully elucidated. In this study, the occurrence and characteristics of MPs in raw domestic laundry wastewater were investigated. The coagulation process was combined with ultrafiltration (UF) membrane filtration to enhance MP removal. The results showed that the concentrations of MPs in laundry wastewater ranged from 9000 to 11,000 particles/L, with fibrous particles constituting the majority (42.6%) and polyester accounting for 68.2% of detected MPs. Using aluminium chloride and ferric chloride as coagulants, maximum removal efficiencies of 91.7 and 98.3% were achieved, respectively. Mechanistic analysis revealed that charge neutralization played a dominant role during coagulation. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy further demonstrated the formation of new functional groups, substituted benzene rings, and the presence of Fe-O and Al-O bonds, indicating the interaction between MPs and coagulants. Furthermore, the UF membrane was used to remove fibrous MPs and MPs with low densities. These MPs had not been removed with pre-coagulation. The removal efficiency of these MPs reached 96 ± 2%, reducing their concentration to only 60 particles/L in the UF permeate. These findings highlight the synergistic potential of coagulation and UF membrane filtration for effective MP removal and provide a valuable reference for advancing wastewater treatment technologies targeting MP pollution.
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Registered trials
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