Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39997493›Full record

ReviewJournal of cardiovascular development and disease2025

Stroke in Bangladesh: A Narrative Review of Epidemiology, Risk Factors and Acute Stroke Services.

Mudasar Aziz, Naznin Bipasha, Udit Gupta, Isabela V P Ramnarine, Jessica Redgrave, Ali N Ali, Arshad Majid, Simon M Bell

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Journal of cardiovascular development and disease, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Mudasar AzizSheffield Institute of Translational Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2GF, UK.
Naznin BipashaDepartment of Neurology, University Hospitals Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK.
Udit GuptaSheffield Institute of Translational Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2GF, UK.
Isabela V P RamnarineSheffield Institute of Translational Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2GF, UK.ORCID 0009-0001-9624-5621
Jessica RedgraveSheffield Institute of Translational Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2GF, UK.
Ali N AliSheffield Institute of Translational Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2GF, UK.
Arshad MajidSheffield Institute of Translational Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2GF, UK.
Simon M BellSheffield Institute of Translational Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2GF, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-2781-6478

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionStroke is a major cause of mortality and disability worldwide. It is one of the foremost non-communicable diseases and the third leading cause of death in Bangladesh. Bangladesh is a developing country and as such, the prevalence, risk factors and management of the condition has some differences with more Westernised populations. In this review, we look at the epidemiology of stroke in Bangladesh and what barriers exist to improving stroke care in this country.

methodsA systematic search of the PubMed database, Mymensingh Medical Journal, Bangladesh Journal of Neuroscience and Google Scholar was conducted for articles relating to stroke in Bangladesh.

resultsThe incidence of stroke in Bangladesh is 3 strokes per 1000 people. The prevalence of haemorrhagic stroke is higher than in Western populations, and novel risk factors such as sitting in a squatting position and betel nut chewing increase a Bangladeshi's stroke risk. A lack of education on stroke symptoms and a poor internal infrastructure are the main barriers to improving stroke care in this country.

conclusionsStroke in Bangladesh is associated with traditional risk factors and non-traditional risk factors that are behaviourally ingrained into the local culture. Improved outcomes for these patients will rely on education programmes for the population, a regard for these risk factors and improving the availability of evidence-based treatments. Innovative approaches from policy decision makers to enhance equitable access to stroke services may help in providing stroke care in Bangladesh.

Indexed as

Bangladeshincidencemanagementprevalenceservicesstroke

Identifiers

PMID39997493
PMCPMC11856431

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.