Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39997261›Full record

ArticleHealthcare (Basel, Switzerland)2025

What Factors Influence Obesity in Spain? A Multivariate Analysis of Sociodemographic, Nutritional, and Lifestyle Factors Affecting Body Mass Index in the Spanish Population.

Elena Sandri, Michela Piredda, Marco Sguanci, Stefano Mancin

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Elena SandriFaculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Catholic University of Valencia San Vicente Mártir, c/Quevedo, 2, 46001 Valencia, Spain.ORCID 0000-0001-5770-0719
Michela PireddaResearch Unit Nursing Science, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Campus Bio-Medico di Roma University, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21, 00128 Rome, Italy.ORCID 0000-0001-5998-476X
Marco SguanciResearch Unit Nursing Science, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Campus Bio-Medico di Roma University, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21, 00128 Rome, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-8845-5127
Stefano MancinIRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni, 56, 20089 Rozzano, Milan, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-4988-4391

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimThis cross-sectional study examines sociodemographic, nutritional, and lifestyle factors affecting Body Mass Index (BMI) in the Spanish population, with a particular emphasis on obesity.

methodsA sample of 22,181 Spanish residents aged 18 years and older was recruited through digital and physical channels from August 2020 to November 2021. Data were collected using the validated NutSo-HH questionnaire, which includes sections on sociodemographic information, health perceptions, eating habits, and lifestyle factors.

resultsAmong respondents, 661 (3%) were underweight (BMI < 18.5 kg/m

conclusionsThese findings underscore the need for targeted interventions that address both sociodemographic and lifestyle factors to mitigate obesity risk in Spain.

Indexed as

body mass indexhealthy lifestyleobesitysociodemographic factorsSpainsurvey

Identifiers

PMID39997261
PMCPMC11855512

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.