Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39997052›Full record

ArticleDiseases (Basel, Switzerland)2025

Understanding Loneliness in Older Adults During the Pandemic: Predictors and Questionnaire Validation.

Rahela Orlandini, Linda Lušić Kalcina, Vesna Antičević

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Diseases (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Rahela OrlandiniUniversity Department of Health Studies, University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia.ORCID 0000-0002-2299-4259
Linda Lušić KalcinaSchool of Medicine, University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia.
Vesna AntičevićUniversity Department of Health Studies, University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BACKGROUND/

objectivesThe COVID-19 pandemic is behind us, but the experiences gained during its course can serve as a framework for preventive actions in future crises. The main objectives were to examine the predictors of loneliness in older adults during the pandemic and to explore the mediating effects of emotional stability between pandemic-specific stressors and loneliness. To achieve the set objectives, we developed a questionnaire to measure pandemic-specific stressors in older adults.

methodsA cross-sectional research design was used. A total of 578 participants of both genders (38.9% male, 61.1% female) aged 65 and above (M = 74.09, SD = 6.72) participated in this study. The self-reported measures used included the following: The Ten-Item Personality Inventory, The Revised Loneliness Scale, The Clinical Outcomes in Routine Evaluation, and The Pandemic-Specific Stressors Questionnaire for Older Adults.

resultsUsing exploratory factor analysis, two factors were extracted, providing evidence of face and convergent validity, together explaining 71.3% of the variance. The results of the confirmatory factor analysis indicated a good model fit. Hierarchical regression analysis indicated the greatest contribution of the psychological factors to loneliness in older adults during the pandemic, while marital status and pandemic-specific stressors had a minor but still significant impact. Mediation analysis revealed that emotional stability mediated the association between social distancing experiences and loneliness.

conclusionsIn future global pandemics, it is necessary to pay full attention to psychological factors to preserve the mental health of older people. The newly-constructed questionnaire identifies pandemic-specific stressors in older adults, aiding their mitigation and easing recovery from the pandemic crisis.

Indexed as

lonelinessmental healthpandemic stressorspersonal traitspsychological traits

Identifiers

PMID39997052
PMCPMC11853930

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.