Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39996755›Full record

ReviewCells2025

Molecular Mechanisms of Immune Regulation: A Review.

Borros Arneth

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Cells, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
27citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

27 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Review
  3. Review
  4. Protocatechuic acid and tanshinone IIA improve cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression.The Korean journal of physiology & pharmacology : official journal of the Korean Physiological Society and the Korean Society of Pharmacology · 2026
    Article
  5. Review
  6. Review
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Review
  12. Immunomodulatory Properties of the Cyclic Lipopeptide Surfactin.Journal of microbiology and biotechnology · 2026
    Review
  13. Review
  14. Special Issue: The Role of Cytokines in Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026
    Article
  15. Review
  16. The theory of tumor immuno-ecodynamics.Frontiers in immunology · 2026
    Article
  17. Review
  18. Review
  19. Co-infection withFrontiers in medicine · 2026
    Review
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

1 author.

Borros ArnethInstitute of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiochemistry, Hospital of the Universities of Giessen and Marburg UKGM, Philipps University Marburg, Baldingerst 1, 35043 Marburg, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-9793-0970

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe immune system must carefully balance fighting pathogens with minimization of inflammation and avoidance of autoimmune responses. Over the past ten years, researchers have extensively studied the mechanisms regulating this delicate balance. Comprehending these mechanisms is essential for developing treatments for inflammatory conditions.

aimThis review aims to synthesize knowledge of immunoregulatory processes published from 2014-2024 and to highlight discoveries that provide fresh perspectives on this complex balance.

methodsThe keywords "molecular mechanisms", "immune regulation", "immune signaling pathways", and "immune homeostasis" were used to search PubMed for articles published between 2014 and 2024, with a preference for articles published in the past three years.

resultsRecent research has pinpointed the impact of factors such as cytokine signaling, T-cell regulation, epigenetic regulation, and immunometabolism on immune function. DISCUSSION: New research highlights the intricate interactions between the immune system and other molecular elements. A key area of interest is the impact of non-coding RNAs and metabolic pathways on the regulation of immune responses.

conclusionsExploring the mechanisms by which the immune system is regulated will provide new avenues for developing treatments to address autoimmune and inflammatory conditions.

Indexed as

Immune SystemAnimalsCytokinesEpigenesis, GeneticHumansInflammationSignal TransductionT-LymphocytesCytokinescytokine signalingepigenetic modificationsimmune checkpointsnon-coding RNAsregulatory T cells (Tregs)

Identifiers

PMID39996755
PMCPMC11853995

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.