Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39996616›Full record

ReviewACS nano2025

Micro- and Nanomotors: Engineered Tools for Targeted and Efficient Biomedicine.

Noelia Ruiz-González, David Esporrín-Ubieto, Il-Doo Kim, Joseph Wang, Samuel Sánchez

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in ACS nano, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
19citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

19 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. SERS-Based Nano- and Microsystems Toward Biomedical Applications.Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2026
    Review
  8. Real-Time Digital Micromotor Tracking-Enabled Ultrasensitive Immunoassay.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026
    Article
  9. Article
  10. Energetic and Structural Insights into Water Confined in Hydrophobic Nanopores.The journal of physical chemistry. C, Nanomaterials and interfaces · 2026
    Article
  11. Review
  12. Review
  13. Review
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Collective Dynamics of Urease-Based Nanomotors in a Chemical Gradient.Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2025
    Article
  17. Review
  18. Article
  19. Advanced Imaging Strategies Based on Intelligent Micro/Nanomotors.Cyborg and bionic systems (Washington, D.C.) · 2025
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Noelia Ruiz-GonzálezInstitute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Baldiri i Reixac 10-12, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.ORCID 0000-0002-2467-331X
David Esporrín-UbietoInstitute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Baldiri i Reixac 10-12, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.ORCID 0000-0002-9858-415X
Il-Doo KimDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.ORCID 0000-0002-9970-2218
Joseph WangDepartment of Nanoengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States.ORCID 0000-0002-4921-9674
Samuel SánchezInstitute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Baldiri i Reixac 10-12, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.ORCID 0000-0001-9713-9997

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Over the past two decades, nanotechnology has made significant progress toward the development and applications of micromotors (MMs) and nanomotors (NMs). Characterized by their capability to self-propel and swim in fluids, they have emerged as promising tools in various fields, particularly in biomedicine. This Review presents an overview of the current state of MMs and NMs, their motion in viscous media and complex environments, their interaction with biological barriers, and potential therapeutical applications. We identify the choice of appropriate administration routes to reach their target location as a key aspect of the success of MMs and NMs in biomedical applications. Looking ahead, we envision NMs playing a key role in treating diverse medical disorders, as recent proof-of-concept

Indexed as

NanomedicineNanostructuresNanotechnologyAnimalsDrug Delivery SystemsHumansbiological barriersbiomedical applicationsdrug deliverymicromotorsnanobotsnanomedicinenanomotorsself-propelled particlestarget deliveryviscous media

Identifiers

PMID39996616
PMCPMC11912581

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.