ArticleJournal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines2025
Toward a consensus on dyslexia: findings from a Delphi study.
Article in Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed.
- Debating the Delphi View of Dyslexia: A Response to Metsala, Morsanyi and Colleagues.Dyslexia (Chichester, England) · 2026Article
- Dispelling Myths and Misunderstandings About Defining and Remediating Dyslexia.Dyslexia (Chichester, England) · 2026Review
- Spelling Errors of Dyslexic Children in Bosnian Cyrillic and Latin Script.Journal of psycholinguistic research · 2026Article
- Kindergarten predictors of dyslexia pathways in Hebrew: a 5-year longitudinal study.Annals of dyslexia · 2026Article
- Kindergarten Screening for Early (Grade 1) and Late-Emerging (Grade 4) Dyslexia Risk.JAMA network open · 2026Article
- Toward an Improved Understanding of Dyslexia: Reflections on a New Consensus Definition and Its Implications.Dyslexia (Chichester, England) · 2026Article
- Consensus Without Clarity for Dyslexia Identification: A Commentary on Holden et al.Dyslexia (Chichester, England) · 2026Article
- Differential profiles of reading development in neurodevelopmental disorders under an adapted tier 2 response to Intervention protocol.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2026Article
- Orthographic Learning of Inconsistent Non-Words in Good and Poor Spellers: Linking Dictation and Eye-Tracking Measures.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- An In-Depth Investigation of Eye Movement Profile of Dyslexic Readers Using a Standardized Text-Reading Aloud Task in French.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Heterogeneity in English as a Foreign Language: Skills Among Norwegian 6th Graders with Dyslexia-The Impact of Language Comprehension and Processing Profiles.Brain sciences · 2025Article
- Neural Mechanisms Underlying Reading Impairment in Children Learning a Second Language: A Review.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Evaluating a Website on Learning Disorders for Parents and Learning Therapists: Observational Mixed Methods Study.JMIR formative research · 2025Observational
- Electroencephalography-Based Machine Learning for Biomarker Detection in Dyslexia and Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Comparative Review of Models, Features, and Diagnostic Utility.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Developmental Language Disorder and Risk of Dyslexia-Can They Be Told Apart?Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Dyslexia Polygenic Index and Socio-Economic Status Interaction Effects on Reading Skills in Australia and the United Kingdom.Behavior genetics · 2025Article
- Electroencephalography Signatures Associated with Developmental Dyslexia Identified Using Principal Component Analysis.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Seeing, Being Seen and Being Able to See Dyslexia in English Schools: Parent and Teacher Perspectives.Dyslexia (Chichester, England) · 2025Article
- Prevalence of risk for dyslexia, risk for dyscalculia, and their comorbidity in Spanish primary education: gender difference and socioeconomic status.Frontiers in psychology · 2025Article
- Can Structured Literacy Be a New Dimension for Interprofessional Practice Between Teachers and SLTs? Perceptions of Irish SLTs on Their Capacity and Practices in Supporting Children With Literacy Difficulties.International journal of language & communication disordersArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundDyslexia is one of the most common neurodevelopmental disorders. There have been many definitions over the past century, and debate continues as to how dyslexia should be defined. This debate contributes to confusion and misinformation. We move beyond the debate by establishing areas of consensus among a wide range of experts.
methodsWe conducted a Delphi study with a panel of dyslexia experts, including academics, specialist teachers, educational psychologists, and individuals with dyslexia, asking them for their views on a set of key statements about dyslexia. We carried out two survey rounds, in each case accepting statements with greater than 80% consensus and reviewing and revising other statements using feedback from the expert panel. This was followed by discussion with a subset of the panel around a few statements with marginal consensus.
resultsForty-two statements were ultimately accepted. In the current paper we review those statements that pertain to a definition of dyslexia, demonstrate how they align with the research literature, and build on previous definitions of dyslexia.
conclusionsThere was considerable consensus in our expert panel that dyslexia is a difficulty in reading and spelling, associated with multiple factors, and that it frequently co-occurs with other developmental disorders. It was agreed that difficulties in reading fluency and spelling are key markers of dyslexia across different ages and languages. We conclude with a proposed new definition of dyslexia.
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Registered trials
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