ArticleHuman vaccines & immunotherapeutics2025
Immunotherapy-induced microsatellite instability status shift in recurrent perihilar cholangiocarcinoma: A case report.
Article in Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Prognostic, Predictive, and Clinical Relevance of DNA Damage Repair Alterations in Biliary Tract Cancers.Cancers · 2026Review
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Immunotherapy revolutionized the treatment of biliary tract tumors and tumors with high microsatellite instability (MSI-H). This paper reports a 52-year-old woman with recurrent perihilar cholangiocarcinoma. The tumor was initially microsatellite stable (MSS) and proficient mismatch repair (pMMR) but shifted to MSI-H and deficient mismatch repair (dMMR) after combined immunotherapy. Following laparoscopic radical resection for jaundice, stage IV recurrence was diagnosed. Genetic testing revealed the MSS status. Subsequent treatment with camrelizumab and lenvatinib led to a partial response. Ovarian metastases, removed due to abdominal symptoms, exhibited dMMR and MSI-H. The mismatch in MSI status between the primary tumor and metastases suggests tumor heterogeneity and the influence of spatial or temporal factors. This shift can have important clinical significance since MSI-H is associated with significant responses to immune checkpoint inhibitors. MSI-H should be systematically tested in tumors and metastases to personalize treatments. MSI heterogeneity is not only rare but potentially has implications for treatment personalization and prognosis in patients with cholangiocarcinoma. This case highlights the dynamic changes in tumor characteristics during immunotherapy.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.