ReviewInternet interventions2025
Augmented reality exposure treatments in anxiety and related disorders: A systematic review.
Review in Internet interventions, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Glitches to growth: Lessons learned from developing and testing an augmented reality smartphone app for substance use treatment.Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology · 2026Trial
- Innovations to improve outcomes and uptake of psychotherapies for mental disorders: a state-of-the-art review.World psychiatry : official journal of the World Psychiatric Association (WPA) · 2026Article
- [How extended reality applications make a difference in psychotherapy].Der Nervenarzt · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Numerous controlled trials have been conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of virtual reality (VR) in exposure treatment for different anxiety disorders. Additionally, several meta-analyses focusing on VR studies are now available. In contrast, the number of studies that focus exclusively on augmented reality (AR) is smaller, and, to the best of our knowledge, there are currently no systematic reviews or meta-analyses available on this topic. The aim of this work is to conduct a systematic review focused exclusively on studies that evaluate the effectiveness of AR in the exposure treatment of anxiety and related disorders. Systematic searches were carried out in PubMed, PsycINFO, and Embase in January 2025. After the screening of 622 references, thirteen studies were included, twelve of which focused on phobic disorders. Overall, the results of the included studies are promising for the use of AR for conducting the exposure treatment, especially for specific phobias. Furthermore, AR achieved high satisfaction rates and was perceived as less aversive than in vivo exposure based on participants' experiences. However, some limitations should be noted regarding the state of this field of research, especially regarding the small number of included articles and the lack of sufficient RCTs to draw firm conclusions about the efficacy of AR, highlighting the need for further research in this field.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.