Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39995857›Full record

ArticleiScience2025

Real-world effectiveness of azvudine versus nirmatrelvir-ritonavir in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 and pre-existing diabetes.

Guanyue Su, Silin Li, Donghua Zhang, Yongjian Zhou, Ling Wang, Yiqiang Yuan, Guowu Qian, Guotao Li, Na Han, Ming Cheng and 9 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in iScience, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

19 authors.

Guanyue SuDepartment of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Antiviral Drugs, Pingyuan Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China.
Silin LiDepartment of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Fengqiu County People's Hospital, Xinxiang 453300, China.
Donghua ZhangDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Anyang City Fifth People's Hospital, Anyang 455000, China.
Yongjian ZhouDepartment of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Antiviral Drugs, Pingyuan Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China.
Ling WangDepartment of Cardiovascular Medicine, Henan Provincial Chest Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450008, China.
Yiqiang YuanDepartment of Cardiovascular Medicine, Henan Provincial Chest Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450008, China.
Guowu QianDepartment of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Nanyang Central Hospital, Nanyang 473009, China.
Guotao LiDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Luoyang Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Luoyang 471000, China.
Na HanDepartment of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Antiviral Drugs, Pingyuan Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China.
Ming ChengDepartment of Medical Information, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China.
Guangming LiDepartment of Liver Disease, the Affiliated Infectious Disease Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China.
Shixi ZhangDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Shangqiu Municipal Hospital, Shangqiu 476000, China.
Hong LuoGuangshan County People's Hospital, Guangshan County, Xinyang 465450, China.
Mengzhao YangDepartment of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Antiviral Drugs, Pingyuan Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China.
Yanyang ZhangHenan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengzhou 450016, China.
Zhan SongDepartment of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Nanyang Central Hospital, Nanyang 473009, China.
Jiyuan XingDepartment of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Antiviral Drugs, Pingyuan Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China.
Zujiang YuDepartment of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Antiviral Drugs, Pingyuan Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China.
Zhigang RenDepartment of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Antiviral Drugs, Pingyuan Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Azvudine and nirmatrelvir-ritonavir are prioritized treatments for SARS-CoV-2 infection in China, but their effectiveness and safety in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 and pre-existing diabetes remains unknown. In this retrospective cohort study, we collected 32,864 hospitalized COVID-19 patients from nine hospitals, among which 636 azvudine recipients and 318 nirmatrelvir-ritonavir recipients were enrolled for final analysis after exclusion and propensity score matching. Kaplan-Meier and multivariate Cox regression analysis results showed that azvudine had a lower risk of all-cause death compared with nirmatrelvir-ritonavir for the treatment of patients with COVID-19 and pre-existing diabetes (log rank:

Indexed as

EndocrinologyHealth sciencesImmunologyMedical specialtyMedicinePharmacology

Identifiers

PMID39995857
PMCPMC11848794

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.