ArticleFrontiers in veterinary science2025
Oral delivery of bovine tuberculosis vaccine to free-ranging white-tailed deer.
Article in Frontiers in veterinary science, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Evaluating Potential Deployment Strategies for Oral Delivery of Vaccines for Cervids.Transboundary and emerging diseases · 2026Article
- Oral delivery of Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) in alginate spheres to captive white-tailed deer.BMC veterinary research · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
18 authors.
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Abstract
Introduction: Free-ranging white-tailed deer ( Materials and methods: Building off methods and strategies developed for vaccinating deer, we incorporated BCG vaccine into vaccine delivery units (DUs), consisting of a food-based matrix. We deployed DUs at sites in Michigan with a historically high prevalence of bTB. At each site, 100 DUs were placed systematically 2.5-m apart on 50-m x 10-m grids and monitored with still and video cameras. Consumption, still images, and video data were analyzed to assess uptake of vaccine DUs by deer. Results and discussion: Vaccine DUs were deployed in 2024 at 11 agricultural sites on private land which had previously demonstrated moderate to high deer activity and at all but two sites >50% of distributed vaccine DU's were consumed, with 100% consumed at two sites. Deer learned to seek out and consume vaccine DU's in just 1 to 3 days, with individuals often eating more than the 1 or 2 needed to vaccinate themselves. This high level of consumption was in spite of an exceptionally warm and dry winter, where deer were less food stressed than usual.
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