Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39994682›Full record

ArticleBMC medical education2025

The effectiveness of a Kampo e-learning course incorporated into the medical education curriculum: a possible solution to instructor shortages and time constraints.

Yoshinobu Nakada, Makoto Arai, Ippei Yamato, Tatsuya Nogami, Hiroshi Odaguchi, Daigo Taniguchi, Jun Tomita, Tomoaki Ishigami

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC medical education, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Yoshinobu NakadaDepartment of Kampo Medicine, Tokai University School of Medicine, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara, Kanagawa, 259-1193, Japan. yoshinobu_nakada@tokai.ac.jp.
Makoto AraiDepartment of Kampo Medicine, Tokai University School of Medicine, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara, Kanagawa, 259-1193, Japan.
Ippei YamatoDepartment of Medical Education, Tokai University School of Medicine, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara, Kanagawa, 259-1193, Japan.
Tatsuya NogamiDepartment of Kampo Medicine, Tokai University School of Medicine, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara, Kanagawa, 259-1193, Japan.
Hiroshi OdaguchiOriental Medicine Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Kitasato University, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Tokyo, 108-8641, Minato-ku, Japan.
Daigo TaniguchiDepartment of Kampo Medicine, Tokai University School of Medicine, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara, Kanagawa, 259-1193, Japan.
Jun TomitaYokohama City University School of Medicine, 3-9, Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Kanagawa, 236-0004, Yokohama, Japan.
Tomoaki IshigamiDepartment of Cardiology, Yokohama City University Hospital, 3-9, Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Kanagawa, 236-0004, Yokohama, Japan.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe shortage of instructors and time to teach traditional Japanese (Kampo) medicine (KM) limits students' understanding of its usefulness. We developed an e-learning course to solve this problem.

methodsThe Kampo e-learning course consists of 12 lessons on 10 essential Kampo formulas with related formulas, proper prescriptions, dosages, and adverse reactions, followed by review questions. After the course, and each student answers 10 additional clinical questions correctly, they are awarded a certificate of completion. This e-learning course was first taught in 2022. The students were informed before taking the course that points would be added to their final test scores with proof they completed the e-learning course. A total of 119 third-year Tokai University School of Medicine students participated. To evaluate the effectiveness of the e-learning course, they were each asked 5 clinical questions, randomly selected from 10 pooled questions, then 4 awareness questions on their interest in, the necessity for, and their understanding of KM, and their perceived usefulness of the course before and after taking it. Wilcoxon's signed-rank test was used to compare the changes.

resultsThe students' pre- and post-course test scores were compared. The evaluations of "Interested in KM" and "Necessity of KM for clinical routines" and "Understanding how to use KM" improved significantly; however, "Usefulness of e-learning for studying Kampo medicine" did not change. Clinical question scores improved significantly.

conclusionsAll the students completed the course resulting in significantly higher scores, proving this course's effectiveness. Developed not only for students but also for novices, this new Kampo e-learning course can be incorporated into regular curriculums and made an easily accessible tool in clinical settings.

trial registrationThis study is not a clinical trial but a kind of questionnaire survey, so that clinical trial number is not applicable.

Indexed as

Computer-Assisted InstructionCurriculumEducation, DistanceEducation, Medical, UndergraduateFaculty, MedicalMedicine, KampoEducational MeasurementHumansJapanStudents, MedicalTime PressureEffectiveness surveyE-learningInstructor shortagesKampo medicine

Identifiers

PMID39994682
PMCPMC11854378

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.