ArticleBMC infectious diseases2025
The impact of long COVID on heart rate variability: a cross-sectional study.
Article in BMC infectious diseases, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Integrative perspectives on electroacupuncture modulation of vagal-cholinergic and neuro-immune-metabolic regulation in long COVID.Frontiers in integrative neuroscience · 2026Review
- Combined Cardiac Arrhythmias Leading to Electrical Chaos Developed in the Convalescent Phase of SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Case Report and Literature Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Harnessing non‑invasive vagal neuromodulation: HRV biofeedback and SSP for cardiovascular and autonomic regulation (Review).Medicine internationalReview
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundLong-term COVID-19 (LC), which may affect the autonomic nervous system (ANS), is the term for the symptoms that some patients had for an additional month after contracting the virus. Therefore, during the LC phase, ANS status was evaluated in patients with mild-to-moderate COVID-19 using heart rate variability (HRV), a measurement of ANS function.
methodsA cross-sectional research with 173 participants - both positive and negative for COVID-19 - was conducted. Based on self-reports, patients with COVID-19 were classified as to whether they had LC or not. A 5-minute ECG recorder and data detection and response report were used to measure the ANS.
resultsThere were notable age differences across the groups (p = 0.034). Patients with LC under 25 years of age had a lower HRV categorized as a very-low-frequency (VLF) domain (p = 0.012). Compared to the group without LC, a higher number of people in the LC group had aberrant autonomic neuroactivity (p = 0.048).
conclusionMild-to-moderate patients with COVID-19 in young to middle age may develop autonomic dysfunction one month after infection.
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