ArticleBMC pediatrics2025
Childhood stunting severity level and associated factors among under-five children in Tanzania: a multi-level ordinal logistic regression analysis using 2022 Tanzanian demographic and health survey.
Article in BMC pediatrics, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
introductionChildhood stunting is a significant public health challenge in Tanzania, affecting over one-third of the children. It has long-term consequences for growth, development, and the overall health status. The high prevalence of stunting in Tanzania necessitates an understanding of its severity levels and determinants. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the varying severity levels of stunting and its associated factors among under-5 children in Tanzania, using data from the Demographic and Health Survey. MATERIALS AND
methodsA cross-sectional study utilizing secondary data from Tanzanian Demographic and Health Survey (TDHS) 2022 was employed. A weighted sample of 4,866 children under-5 years of age was included in the analysis. A multilevel ordinal logistic regression model was employed to account for the ordinal nature of stunting and hierarchical structure of the TDHS data. The Brant test was used to assess whether the proportional odds assumption was met, with a p-value greater than 0.05 indicating that the assumption was satisfied. The deviance measure was used to compare the fitness of the different models. A multilevel proportional odds model was used to investigate the impact of risk factors contributing to stunting.
resultsThe prevalence of stunting among Tanzanian under-5 children was 29.66%. Of these, 22.16% were moderately stunted, and 8.67% were severely stunted. Being Male, children aged 6-23 months, those born as part of multiple births, children from low- or middle-income households, those whose mothers have no formal or only primary education, and those living in areas with high poverty rates, children residing in the southern and southwestern highland administrative regions are more likely to experience severe stunting.
conclusionThis study revealed that stunting among under-5 children in Tanzania remains a significant public health concern. By addressing these determinants, such as ensuring access to proper nutrition, improving maternal education, and promoting community awareness, Tanzania can make significant strides toward reducing the burden of stunting and improving the health and well-being of children under-5 years of age. CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER: Not applicable.
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