ArticleBMC gastroenterology2025
PD-1 inhibitor combined with chemotherapy or lenvatinib in advanced gallbladder cancer: a retrospective comparative study.
Article in BMC gastroenterology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Tislelizumab: Structural Innovations and Expanding Clinical Horizons in Next-Generation PD-1 Immunotherapy.Chronic diseases and translational medicine · 2025Review
- Long-term survival after targeted therapy plus immunotherapy without chemotherapy in advanced gallbladder carcinoma: a case report and literature review.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundGallbladder cancer (GBC) is a refractory primary cancer. Some GBC patients are prone to recurrence even after surgical resection. In such cases, chemotherapy is the most common non-surgical treatment. The emergence of programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) inhibitors and targeted therapy have provided an additional option for those suffering from advanced tumors.
methodsThis was a retrospective study involving patients with advanced GBC treated at the Shanghai Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital between June 2019 and June 2022. The patients who received a PD-1 inhibitor (tislelizumab) with chemotherapy or with lenvatinib were retrospectively analyzed. The Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST 1.1) was used as the efficacy evaluation standard. The overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), and tumor marker CA199 were evaluated.
resultsThis study involved 61 patients with advanced GBC. Of these, 32 patients received tislelizumab and GS (gemcitabine and TS-1) chemotherapy, whereas 29 patients received tislelizumab and lenvatinib. For the Tislelizumab plus GS chemotherapy group, the median OS and PFS were 19.64 ± 11.81 (95% CI: 16.47-25.20) and 15.44 ± 13.42 (95% CI: 12.08-22.25) months, respectively. For the lenvatinib group, the OS and PFS were 13.06 ± 9.41 (95% CI: 9.72-16.63) and 10.34 ± 10.03 (95% CI: 6.56-14.13) months, respectively. The ORR and DCR were 59.38% and 81.3%, respectively, for the Tislelizumab plus GS chemotherapy group, which were significantly longer than those for the Tislelizumab plus Lenvatinib group. Treatment-related adverse events were similar between the groups.
conclusionTislelizumab combined with GS chemotherapy provides a safe and more efficient treatment option for advanced GBC patients.
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