SynthesisJournal of racial and ethnic health disparities2026
Examining the Impact of the Syndemic on Black Birthing Individuals in the USA: a Systematic Review.
Synthesis in Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Maternal stress in pregnancy and adverse birth outcomes among women living with HIV during the COVID-19 pandemic.Frontiers in reproductive health · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
14 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic created a unique set of challenges within the USA. The combination of the pandemic and long-standing systemic racism has generated greater maternal health disparities in minoritized populations, especially Black birthing individuals, creating a syndemic. This systematic review evaluated studies conducted between March 2020 and December 2024 to examine how Black birthing individuals' lives were impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic and systemic racism. Studies were included if (1) Black birthing individuals' experiences were examined; (2) these experiences were a focus of the study; (3) they were peer-reviewed, empirical articles; and (4) data was collected after March 2020. Utilizing PRISMA guidelines, we conducted a systematic review of the published literature up to December 2024 using PubMed, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and EBSCOhost and examined peer-reviewed articles that met inclusion criteria. Four authors independently screened studies and abstracted data. A total of 843 articles were screened, and from the 50 studies that were included in this paper, two overarching areas were identified: (1) societal-level themes and (2) individual- and interpersonal-level themes. Within these two areas, seven total subthemes were identified: (1a) Restrictions; (1b) Medical Mistrust and Healthcare Discrimination; (1c) Delivery, Birth, and Postpartum Experiences; (1d) Police Brutality and Community Violence; (2a) Health and Well-Being; (2b) Financial, Housing, Food, and Work-Related Challenges; and (2c) Caregiving and Family Relationships. Our findings emphasize the need for research to understand Black birthing individuals' experiences and to use these findings to create comprehensive targeted approaches.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.