Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39994054›Full record

ArticlePsychopharmacology2025

Acute nicotine vapor attenuates sensorimotor gating deficits in HIV-1 transgenic rats.

Neal A Jha, Samantha M Ayoub, M Melissa Flesher, Kathleen Morton, Megan Sikkink, Giordano de Guglielmo, Jibran Y Khokhar, Arpi Minassian, Arthur L Brody, Jared W Young

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In one paragraph

Article in Psychopharmacology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Low-Dose Cannabidiol Treatment does not Alter Cognitive Performance in the HIV-1 Transgenic Rat Model of NeuroHIV.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2026
    Article
  2. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Neal A JhaDepartment of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
Samantha M AyoubDepartment of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
M Melissa FlesherDepartment of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
Kathleen MortonDepartment of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
Megan SikkinkDepartment of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
Giordano de GuglielmoDepartment of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
Jibran Y KhokharDepartment of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, ON, N61 3K7, Canada.
Arpi MinassianDepartment of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
Arthur L BrodyDepartment of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
Jared W YoungDepartment of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA. jaredyoung@ucsd.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3732-5776

Funding

Translational Studies of Cannabis Administration, Cognition, and the Endocannabinoid System in HIVR01DA051295 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI MINASSIAN, ARPI, YOUNG, JARED WILLIAM · 2021 to 2025
$4.3M
NIDA NIH HHS R01 DA051295
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

rationaleDespite improved life expectancy of people with HIV (PWH), HIV-associated neurocognitive impairment (NCI) persists, alongside deficits in sensorimotor gating and neuroinflammation. PWH exhibit high smoking rates, possibly due to neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, and cognitive-enhancing effects of nicotine, suggesting potential self-medication.

objectivesHere, we tested the effects of acute nicotine vapor exposure on translatable measures of sensorimotor gating and exploratory behavior in the HIV-1 transgenic (HIV-1Tg) rat model of HIV.

methodsMale and female HIV-1Tg (n = 28) and F344 control rats (n = 29) were exposed to acute nicotine or vehicle vapor. Sensorimotor gating was assessed using prepulse inhibition (PPI) of the acoustic startle response, and exploratory behavior was evaluated using the behavioral pattern monitor (BPM).

resultsVehicle-treated HIV-1Tg rats exhibited PPI deficits at low prepulse intensities compared to F344 controls, as seen previously. No PPI deficits were observed in nicotine-treated HIV-1Tg rats, however. Nicotine vapor increased locomotor activity across genotypes. Cotinine analyses confirmed comparable levels of the primary metabolite of nicotine across genotypes.

conclusionsPrevious findings of PPI deficits in HIV-1Tg rats were replicated and, importantly, attenuated by acute nicotine vapor administration. Evidence for similar cotinine levels suggest a nicotine-specific effect in HIV-1Tg rats. Therefore, acute nicotine administration may be beneficial for attenuating sensorimotor deficits in PWH. Future studies should determine the long-term effects of nicotine vapor on similar HIV/NCI-relevant behaviors.

Indexed as

HIV InfectionsNicotineSensory GatingAnimalsDisease Models, AnimalExploratory BehaviorFemaleHIV-1MalePrepulse InhibitionRatsRats, Inbred F344Rats, TransgenicReflex, StartleNicotineE-CigarettesHIVHIV-associated neurocognitive disorderNicotinePPI

Identifiers

PMID39994054
PMCPMC12643102

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.