ReviewImmunological reviews2025
Integrative Roles of Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines on Airway Smooth Muscle Structure and Function in Asthma.
Review in Immunological reviews, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed.
- Beta 2-adrenergic pathway combats Alzheimer's disease: Restoring cognition and synaptic integrity.Neural regeneration research · 2026Article
- AhR activation inhibits DRP1-induced mitochondrial fission in airway smooth muscle during asthma.American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology · 2026Article
- Airway smooth muscle in asthma: insights from a transcriptomic meta-analysis.ERJ open research · 2026Article
- Asthma reconsidered: a cumulative data perspective on airway smooth muscle.ERJ open research · 2026Article
- Targeting Type 2 and Non-type 2 Asthma: Emerging Biologics and Personalized Strategies.Current allergy and asthma reports · 2026Review
- Bridging Rare to Common Diseases: Precision Medicine and the Transforming Landscape of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology.Pediatric allergy and immunology : official publication of the European Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology · 2026Review
- Nanozymes as Emerging Therapeutics for Asthma: A Redox-Responsive and Immunomodulatory Strategy.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- 2-Hydroxyestradiol regulates extracellular matrix deposition through estrogen receptor beta activation in airway smooth muscle cells.Molecular and cellular endocrinology · 2026Article
- Asthma endotypes and theratypes.Chinese medical journal pulmonary and critical care medicine · 2026Review
- The Role of Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor in Airway Remodeling: Mechanistic Insights Across Cellular Functions.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2026Review
- Flavonoids as potential anti-asthmatic agents.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- The Role of BMAL1 in Regulating Circadian Rhythms During Airway Remodeling in Asthma.Journal of immunology research · 2026Review
- Potential Determinants of Progression from Cough-Variant Asthma to Classic Asthma in Children: Evidence, Mechanisms, and Clinical Research Gaps.Journal of asthma and allergy · 2026Review
- Asthma and inflammation transcriptionally up-regulate the aryl hydrocarbon receptor in airway smooth muscle via p38/JNK-AP1 signalling.British journal of pharmacology · 2025Article
- Inflammation in Asthma: Mechanistic Insights and the Role of Biologics in Therapeutic Frontiers.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- A review of recent advances in gene therapy, pharmacogenomics, and genetic polymorphisms in asthma.Molecular biology reports · 2025Review
- MiR-491-5p Targets B4GalT5 to Alleviate Airway Inflammation and Remodeling in Asthma by Regulating Pulmonary Oxidative Stress.Journal of inflammation research · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Asthma has become more appreciated for its heterogeneity with studies identifying type 2 and non-type 2 phenotypes/endotypes that ultimately lead to airflow obstruction, airway hyperresponsiveness, and remodeling. The pro-inflammatory environment in asthma influences airway smooth muscle (ASM) structure and function. ASM has a vast repertoire of inflammatory receptors that, upon activation, contribute to prominent features in asthma, notably immune cell recruitment and activation, hypercontractility, proliferation, migration, and extracellular matrix protein deposition. These pro-inflammatory responses in ASM can be mediated by both type 2 (e.g., IL-4, IL-13, and TSLP) and non-type 2 (e.g., TNFα, IFNγ, IL-17A, and TGFβ) cytokines, highlighting roles for ASM in type 2 and non-type 2 asthma phenotypes/endotypes. In recent years, there has been considerable advances in understanding how pro-inflammatory cytokines promote ASM dysfunction and impair responsiveness to asthma therapy, corticosteroids and long-acting β2-adrenergic receptor agonists (LABAs). Transcriptomic analyses on human ASM cells and tissues have expanded our knowledge in this area but have also raised new questions regarding ASM and its role in asthma. In this review, we discuss how pro-inflammatory cytokines, corticosteroids, and LABAs affect ASM structure and function, with particular focus on changes in gene expression and transcriptional programs in type 2 and non-type 2 asthma.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.