ArticleThe journal of allergy and clinical immunology. Global2025
Diagnostic disparities in inborn errors of immunity: From clinical suspicion to diagnosis.
Article in The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. Global, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- STAT1 gain-of-function in 12 Moroccan patients: Clinical and genetic insights.Journal of human immunity · 2026Article
- Differences in immunoglobulin utilization when treating patients with primary immune disease in the United States.The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. Global · 2026Article
- Diagnostic yield and clinical impact of genetic testing in inborn errors of immunity: lessons from a large Turkish cohort.European journal of pediatrics · 2026Article
- Liver Disease in Common Variable Immunodeficiency: Current Evidence and Knowledge Gaps.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Proceedings of the second Artificial Intelligence in Primary Immunodeficiency (AIPI) meeting.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2026Article
- Sociodemographic drivers of care disparity among patients with inborn errors of immunity.Current opinion in pediatrics · 2025Review
- Advancing equity in allergy and immunology: progress, pitfalls, and the path forward.Frontiers in allergy · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Background: Emerging evidence suggests that inborn errors of immunity (IEI) are underdiagnosed among underserved populations. However, there remains a lack of national studies evaluating diagnostic disparities in IEI. Objective: We examined disparities in the timely IEI diagnosis and related health outcomes. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed of a US national claims database (years 2007 to 2021). Participants included patients diagnosed with an "unspecified immune deficiency" (uID) and presented with IEI-related symptoms, who later received an IEI diagnosis (n = 1429). We quantified the diagnostic interval from clinical suspicion (uID) to IEI diagnosis and examined its association with sociodemographic factors and related health outcomes. Results: The median (interquartile range) diagnostic interval was 369 (126-808) days. Diagnostic interval was 14% longer among patients residing in predominantly non-White neighborhoods, compared with those in predominantly White neighborhoods ( Conclusion: We observed significant racial and socioeconomic disparities in the timeliness of IEI diagnosis and IEI-related outcomes. Further studies are needed to address the underlying factors contributing to diagnostic inequity.
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