ReviewJournal of orthopaedic translation2025
T cell related osteoimmunology in fracture healing: Potential targets for augmenting bone regeneration.
Review in Journal of orthopaedic translation, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- The role of CD8Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- Advances in 3D bioprinting of immunoregulatory biomaterials for bone regeneration.Materials today. Bio · 2026Review
- Mechanical‑immune feedback regulation in distraction osteogenesis: From mechanotransduction to immune microenvironment remodeling (Review).Molecular medicine reports · 2026Review
- Fracture healing: from molecular and cellular mechanisms to therapeutic strategies.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- Natural Polysaccharide-Mediated Nano-Delivery Systems for Osteoporosis Therapy From a Gut-Bone Axis Regulatory Perspective.Advanced healthcare materials · 2026Review
- Bone‑origin repair in diabetic foot ulcers: Mechanisms of callus formation and endocrine effects in healing (Review).International journal of molecular medicine · 2026Review
- Electrical stimulation as an emerging strategy in bone repair: Mechanisms, applications, and advances.Journal of orthopaedic translation · 2026Review
- Temporal immunomodulation of CD4Science advances · 2026Article
- Persistent CRP Elevation at 4 Weeks Is Associated with Delayed Union After Polytrauma: An Exploratory Retrospective Cohort Study.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Periodontitis as a Model for Inflammatory Uncoupling of Bone Remodeling.Journal of periodontal research · 2026Review
- Diagnostic value of LncRNA JPX in osteoporotic fracture (OPF) and its role in inhibiting osteogenic differentiation by targeting miR-219a-5p.Hereditas · 2026Article
- Circulating CD38Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Immunometabolism of macrophages in the bone microenvironment: a new perspective for bone healing therapy.Journal of advanced research · 2026Review
- Recent progress in immunomodulation-based strategies for bone repair.Regenerative therapy · 2026Review
- The Osteoimmunologic Basis of Biologic and Bioengineered Scaffolds in Fracture Healing.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Cell Supported Single Membrane Technique for the Treatment of Large Bone Defects: Depletion of CD8Cells · 2026Article
- The roles of the nerve-immune axis in modulating bone regeneration.Bone research · 2026Review
- Chronobiology of fracture repair: local molecular clocks, rhythm protection, and time-anchored translation.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Review
- Exploring the intricate relationship between IL-1β and IL-18 in the context of osteoarthritis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Physical cues influence the construction of the osteoimmune microenvironment: focus on the hematoma period.Regenerative biomaterials · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Last decade has witnessed increasing evidence which highlights the roles of immune cells in bone regeneration. Numerous immune cell types, including macrophages, T cells, and neutrophils are involved in fracture healing by orchestrating a series of events that modulate bone formation and remodeling. In this review, the role of T cell immunity in fracture healing has been summarized, and the modulatory effects of T cell immunity in inflammation, bone formation and remodeling have been highlighted. The review also summarizes the specific roles of different T cell subsets, including CD4 The translational potential of this article: Delayed unions or non-unions of bone fractures remain a challenge in clinical practice. Developing a deep understanding of the roles of immune cells, including T cells, in fracture healing will facilitate the advancement of novel therapeutics of fracture nonunion. This review summarizes the current understanding of different T cell subsets involved in various phases of fracture healing, providing insights for targeting T cells as an alternative strategy to enhance bone regeneration.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.