Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39991390›Full record

ArticleCureus2025

Impact of Social Media on Patient Expectations and Satisfaction: A Qualitative Exploration in Multan, Pakistan.

Abdul Ghafoor, Hassan Jan, Fatima Shafqat, Muhammad Asif Shahzad, Ayma Syed, Asifa Iqbal, Hafsa Naveed, Arooba Ahmad

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cureus, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Observational
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Abdul GhafoorDepartment of Dental Surgery, Ahmad Hospital, Swat, PAK.
Hassan JanDepartment of Operative Dentistry, Peshawar Medical and Dental College, Peshawar, PAK.
Fatima ShafqatDepartment of Physiology, The University of Lahore, Multan, PAK.
Muhammad Asif ShahzadDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Azra Naheed Dental College, Superior University, Lahore, PAK.
Ayma SyedDepartment of Community and Preventive Dentistry, Azra Naheed Dental College, Superior University, Lahore, PAK.
Asifa IqbalDepartment of Oral Pathology, Rashid Latif Dental College, Lahore, PAK.
Hafsa NaveedDepartment of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Multan Medical and Dental College, Multan, PAK.
Arooba AhmadDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Bakhtawar Amin Medical and Dental College, Multan, PAK.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundSocial media (SM) has become an innovative area that is revolutionizing the process of healthcare decision-making, with deep influence on the dental specialty, where aesthetic preferences of patients create high-level expectations. Despite SM being used widely in Pakistan and its penetration rate increasing very fast, its effectiveness and its role in patient expectations and satisfaction towards dental procedures are underresearched. This research aims to explore the perspective of patients and dentists regarding the influence of social media in shaping expectations and satisfaction with dental procedures. METHODOLOGY: This cross-sectional, exploratory qualitative study was carried out in dental clinics in Multan, Pakistan. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 17 patients, and 10 dental consultants participated in focus group discussions (FGDs). Purposive sampling ensured the participation of a diverse range of participants. Transcripts were transcribed manually and analyzed using a thematic analysis framework.

resultsThe results showed that SM greatly affects patient expectations, which resulted in unreasonable expectations from patients (70%) based on idealized images of dental procedures. Participants (47%) acknowledged the role of SM in increasing patients' knowledge and linking them to practitioners but also expressed disappointment when their expectations, especially with relation to cosmetic results-were not satisfied (65%). Unrealistic information circulated on SM and poor communication during consultations aggravated this discontent. Dentists voiced worries about ethical conundrums, increased pressure to satisfy unreasonable expectations, and the lack of organized programs meant to counter disinformation and misconceptions. To close the discrepancy between expectations and clinical reality, participants advised transparent and realistic SM content, enhanced patient communication, and public awareness initiatives. Participants also recommended that institutions and the government should offer subsidized treatment options for non-affording populations.

conclusionThe study served as a dual lens, both enabling awareness and serving as a source of misinformation for dental treatments. The study highlighted that exaggerated and unrealistic patient expectations often led to disappointment. Patient education, improved communication strategies, and ethical use of SM were pointed out as means through which these challenges can be addressed. The study proposed that in order to utilize the maximum potential of SM in patient satisfaction and decision-making, institutional interventions, such as structured training for healthcare providers and policy-based public awareness campaigns, are necessary.

Indexed as

dental patienthealthcare policyhealth communicationimpactpakistanpatient educationpatients’ expectationsqualitative researchsatisfactionsocial media

Identifiers

PMID39991390
PMCPMC11844877

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.