Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39990700›Full record

ArticleNeurotrauma reports2025

Correlations Between County-Level Social Determinants of Health and Traumatic Brain Injury-Related Mortality in the United States.

Noor Shaik, Connor A Law, Alexa E Walter, Eric Stulberg, Andrea L C Schneider

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Neurotrauma reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Noor ShaikDepartment of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, USA.
Connor A LawDepartment of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, USA.
Alexa E WalterDepartment of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, USA.
Eric StulbergDepartment of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, USA.
Andrea L C SchneiderDepartment of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0026-5052

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Nationally representative associations of social determinants of health (SDoH) and health care access metrics with TBI-related mortality are not well described and may differ by age. Using the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Wide-ranging Online Data for Epidemiological Research platform and other publicly available datasets, we investigated correlations between county-level measures of SDoH (multidimensional deprivation index, social deprivation index, rural-urban continuum codes) and health care access (median distance to nearest emergency department, trauma center, intensive care unit [ICU], number of hospitals and number of hospitals with ICU capability per 1,000 population) with county-level TBI-related mortality overall and stratified by age in the United States from 1999 through 2020. Data from 2,970 counties (95.4% of eligible U.S. counties) were included. We observed a modest correlation of higher county-level TBI-related mortality with greater rurality (ρ = 0.54, 95% CI = 0.52-0.57,

Indexed as

Social Determinants of HealthTBITBI-Related Mortality

Identifiers

PMID39990700
PMCPMC11839516

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.