Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39990277›Full record

ReviewCancer management and research2025

Viral Involvement in Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders: A Scoping Review.

Khalid Sulthoni Zahid, Wahyu Hidayat, Dewi Zakiawati

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Cancer management and research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Peptide Aptamers: Innovative Design and Applications in Pathogen Detection.Chembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology · 2026
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Khalid Sulthoni ZahidUndergraduate Program in Dental Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia.ORCID 0009-0001-6715-5985
Wahyu HidayatDepartment of Oral Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia.ORCID 0000-0001-6292-803X
Dewi ZakiawatiDepartment of Oral Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of this scoping review was to investigate which viruses other than HPV and EBV-associated with OPMDs and investigate whether viruses are linked solely to the etiology of OPMDs, their malignant transformation (MT), or both. Methods: A scoping review following PRISMA-ScR methodological framework was used during the process. We conducted thorough searches in the EBSCOhost and PubMed databases. The inclusion criteria were publications that described viruses in OPMDs and identified pertinent research published between 2014 and 2023. The articles included underwent a thorough analysis and synthesis process to map out viruses in OPMDs. Pertinent characteristics such as research domains, publication dates, authors, type of research studies, sample sizes, gender ratios, types of OPMDs lesions, detected viruses, and methodological detection approaches were incorporated into the analysis. Results: A total of twenty-eight articles were eligible for inclusion. The prevalence of viruses detected in OPMDs was found to be 78.57%. Viruses detected in this study, including HPV (0% to 86.6%), EBV (8% to 95.7%), hepatitis B virus (HBV) (6.71%) and herpes simplex virus (HSV) (1%). The biggest risk factor for OPMDs found in this study was tobacco use. Conclusion: Given that 90% of oral cancers worldwide are attributable to OSCC, it is crucial to understand the role of viruses such as HPV, EBV, HBV, and HSV, along with unhealthy risk factors like tobacco and alcohol, which may contribute to the etiology and progression of lesions into OPMDs. Global data indicate that these viruses play varying roles in the etiology of OPMDs, with significant geographic variability, co-infections, and interactions with lifestyle factors influencing their oncogenic potential. Although this study found that virus positivity rates were higher in the malignant stage (OSCC) than in OPMDs and that there is a high prevalence of viruses in OPMDs, further research is needed to clarify the direct causality of virus-induced malignant transformation in OPMDs.

Indexed as

Epstein-Barr Virushuman papillomavirusmalignant transformationOPMDsoral canceroral squamous cell carcinoma

Identifiers

PMID39990277
PMCPMC11846534

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.